Uganda - Agriculture Background Note - Improving Livestock Productivity and Resilience to Climate Change in Uganda: Technological and Policy Options

Jul 19, 2026

Agriculture Background Note for Uganda analyzing how climate change affects livestock productivity and resilience, and identifying technological and policy options to improve outcomes. The report reviews the structure and dynamics of livestock systems, including cattle feeding, watering, pasture production, and access to extension and veterinary services. It examines drivers of livestock productivity and adoption of climate-smart land and livestock practices under climate shocks, supported by climate modeling, empirical approaches, and evidence summarized in tables and figures.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryResearch & Report

FormatPDF

Pages46

Reading Time1 h 56 min

AccessFree to download

Acknowledgements

Abbreviations and Acronyms

Abstract

Introduction

Material and Methods

Data and sources

Data analysis and empirical approaches

Structure of Livestock Systems in Uganda

Number of Households keeping cattle

Dynamics of the number of farms keeping cattle

Livestock feeding systems

Dynamics of cattle feeding systems

Pasture production and dynamics

Changes in the watering system

Access to extension services

Drivers of Adoption of SLM/CSL Practices and of Livestock Productivity

Cattle feeding systems

Cattle veterinary services

Cattle breeds

Drivers of Livestock Productivity

Climate Shocks and Livestock Productivity

Effects of climate shocks on livestock productivity

Impacts of climatic shocks on livestock productivity by herd size

Effect of Climate-Smart Livestock Practices on Livestock Productivity Under Climate Shocks

Effects of water sources and feeding system on livestock productivity under climate shocks

Impacts of Climate Change Livestock Productivity-Climate Modelling

Priority Interventions to Enhance Livestock Productivity Resilience

Animal breed improvement

Improve livestock water access by focusing on valley dams

Specializing and intensifying cattle production for improved efficiency and reduced greenhouse gas emissions

Promote increased access to veterinary services, especially vaccination

Support private sector provision of communal holding points and feedlots to promote beef markets

References

Pub lic Disclosure Authorized Pub lic Disclosure Authorized Pub lic Disclosure Authorized Pub lic Disclosure Authorized EASTERN AND SOUTHERN AFRICA UGANDA Agriculture Background Note: Improving Livestock Productivity and Resilience World Bank Group May 2025 © 2025 The World Bank Group 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000; [Internet: www.worldbank.org](Internet: www.worldbank.org) This work is a product of the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), the International Development Association (IDA), the International Finance Corporation (IFC), and the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA), collectively known as The World Bank, with external contributors. The World Bank Group does not guarantee the accuracy, reliability or completeness of the content included in this work, or the conclusions or judgments described herein, and accepts no responsibility or liability for any omissions or errors (including, without limitation, typographical errors and technical errors) in the content whatsoever or for reliance thereon. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of any of the organizations of The World Bank Group concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of IBRD/IDA, IFC and MIGA, their respective Boards of Executive Directors, and the governments they represent. The contents of this work are intended for general informational purposes only and are not intended to constitute legal, securities, or investment advice, an opinion regarding the appropriateness of any investment, or a solicitation of any type. Some of the organizations of The World Bank or their affiliates may have an investment in, provide other advice or services to, or otherwise have a financial interest in, certain of the companies and parties named herein. Nothing herein shall constitute or be construed or considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of any of IBRD/IDA, IFC and MIGA, all of which are specifically reserved. Rights and Permissions The material in this work is subject to copyright. Because the World Bank Group encourages dissemination of its knowledge, this work may be reproduced, in whole or in part, for non-commercial purposes as long as full attribution to this work is given and all further permissions that may be required for such use (as noted herein) are acquired. The World Bank Group does not warrant that the content contained in this work will not infringe on the rights of third parties and accepts no responsibility or liability in this regard. All queries on rights and licenses should be addressed to World Bank Publications, The World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; e-mail: [pubrights@worldbank.org](pubrights@worldbank.org). Agriculture Background Note Improving Livestock Productivity and Resilience to Climate Change in Uganda: Technological and Policy Options COUNTRY CLIMATE AND DEVELOPMENT REPORT Acknowledgements v Abbreviations and Acronyms vi Abstract 1 Introduction 3 Material and Methods 6 Data and sources 6 Data analysis and empirical approaches 6 Structure of Livestock Systems in Uganda 8 Number of Households keeping cattle 8 Dynamics of the number of farms keeping cattle 8 Livestock feeding systems 9 Dynamics of cattle feeding systems 10 Pasture production and dynamics 10 Changes in the watering system 12 Access to extension services 13 Drivers of Adoption of SLM/CSL Practices and of Livestock Productivity 15 Cattle feeding systems 15 Cattle veterinary services 16 Cattle breeds 17 Drivers of Livestock Productivity 20 Climate Shocks and Livestock Productivity 23 Effects of climate shocks

FAQs

What is the document’s main focus regarding livestock in Uganda?

It focuses on improving livestock productivity and resilience to climate change in Uganda through technological and policy options.

Which livestock system components are analyzed in the study?

The study examines cattle feeding systems, watering systems, pasture production, extension service access, and veterinary services, alongside the dynamics of households keeping cattle.

How does the document address the role of climate shocks and climate-smart practices?

It evaluates how climate shocks affect livestock productivity and how climate-smart livestock practices—supported by water and feeding factors—can improve productivity under those shocks, including climate modeling evidence.

Jul 19, 2026

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