Serum Amyloid-A to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio as a Superior Biomarker for Early Diagnosis

Q: What biomarker is evaluated for early diagnosis?

The serum amyloid-A to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (A/H) is evaluated as a potential biomarker for early diagnosis in Alzheimer’s disease.

Q: How is diagnostic performance assessed?

Diagnostic performance is assessed using statistical comparisons of discrimination and metrics such as sensitivity/specificity and receiver operating characteristics.

Q: Does the A/H ratio outperform other indicators?

The findings indicate that the A/H ratio provides added discriminative value compared with individual markers and related inflammatory indices.

Aug 5, 2026

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The study evaluates whether the serum amyloid-A to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (A/H) can serve as a superior biomarker for early diagnosis, focusing on diagnostic performance in Alzheimer’s disease. Statistical analyses and model comparisons investigate associations between A/H and clinical outcomes, including sensitivity, specificity, and receiver operating characteristics. Results indicate that A/H adds discriminative value over individual markers and composite inflammatory indices, supporting its potential utility for earlier identification in AD.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryHealthcare

FormatPDF

Pages17

Reading Time43 min

AccessFree to download

Objectives and Biomarker Rationale

Serum A/H Ratio and Study Aim

Methods

Diagnostic Comparisons and Statistical Evaluation

Results

Discriminative Performance and Diagnostic Metrics

Discussion

Added Value and Clinical Implications

TYPE O􀀂􀀉􀀘􀀉􀀎􀀆􀀝 􀀞􀀃􀀋􀀃􀀆􀀂􀀕􀀅 PUB􀀕I􀀁􀀏E􀀒 30 J􀀆􀀎􀀔􀀆􀀂􀀐 2026 􀀒OI 10.3389/􀀒􀀕􀀏m.2026.1719851 􀀁􀀂􀀃􀀄􀀁􀀂 􀀆􀀇 􀀁􀀂􀀃􀀃􀀄􀀅􀀆 􀀈􀀅􀀂􀀉􀀊􀀆􀀋􀀌 􀀍􀀎􀀉􀀏􀀃􀀂􀀋􀀉􀀄􀀐 􀀑􀀒 􀀓􀀃􀀎􀀄􀀔􀀕􀀖􀀐􀀌 􀀍􀀎􀀉􀀄􀀃􀀊 􀀈􀀄􀀆􀀄􀀃􀀋 􀀈􀀁􀀉􀀃􀀁􀀊􀀁􀀂 􀀆􀀇 􀀗􀀉􀀆􀀑􀀕􀀅􀀆􀀎􀀘 􀀙􀀃􀀎􀀘􀀌􀀚􀀆􀀎􀀕􀀅􀀆􀀎􀀘 􀀍􀀎􀀉􀀏􀀃􀀂􀀋􀀉􀀄􀀐􀀌 􀀛􀀅􀀉􀀎􀀆􀀜􀀑􀀝􀀒􀀘􀀆􀀎􀀘 􀀞􀀑􀀄􀀄 􀀆􀀔􀀃􀀂􀀌 􀀍􀀝m 􀀍􀀎􀀉􀀏􀀃􀀂􀀋􀀉􀀄􀀐 M􀀃􀀊􀀉􀀕􀀆􀀝 􀀛􀀃􀀎􀀄􀀃􀀂􀀌 G􀀃􀀂m􀀆􀀎􀀐 *􀀋􀀌􀀈􀀈􀀁􀀍􀀎􀀌􀀏􀀂􀀁􀀏􀀋􀀁 J􀀔􀀎 M􀀆 15822331568@163 .􀀕􀀑m †T􀀅􀀃􀀋􀀃 􀀆􀀔􀀄􀀅􀀑􀀂􀀋 􀀅􀀆􀀏􀀃 􀀕􀀑􀀎􀀄􀀂􀀉 􀀔􀀄􀀃􀀊 􀀃q􀀔􀀆􀀝􀀝􀀐 􀀄􀀑􀀄􀀅􀀉􀀋 w􀀑􀀂􀀖 􀀈􀀁􀀋􀀁􀀃􀀉􀀁􀀂 08 O􀀕􀀄􀀑 􀀃􀀂 2025 􀀈􀀁􀀉􀀃􀀍􀀁􀀂 25 D􀀃􀀕􀀃m 􀀃􀀂 2025 􀀐􀀋􀀋􀀁􀀎􀀄􀀁􀀂 12 J􀀆􀀎􀀔􀀆􀀂􀀐 2026 􀀎􀀑􀀆􀀒􀀃􀀍􀀓􀀁􀀂 30 J􀀆􀀎􀀔􀀆􀀂􀀐 2026 􀀋􀀃􀀄􀀐􀀄􀀃􀀌􀀏 􀀜􀀆􀀎􀀘 Z􀀌 􀀜􀀆􀀎􀀘 􀀗􀀌 􀀛􀀆􀀉 Y􀀌 Z􀀅􀀆􀀎􀀘 A􀀌 􀀜􀀆􀀎􀀘 Y􀀌 H􀀔 􀀙􀀌 G􀀔􀀑 Y 􀀆􀀎􀀊 M􀀆 J (2026) 􀀈􀀃􀀂􀀔m-Am􀀐􀀝􀀑􀀉􀀊 -A 􀀄􀀑 H􀀉􀀘􀀅-D􀀃􀀎􀀋􀀉􀀄􀀐-􀀙􀀉p􀀑p􀀂􀀑􀀄􀀃􀀉􀀎-􀀛􀀅􀀑􀀝􀀃􀀋􀀄􀀃􀀂􀀑􀀝􀀞􀀆􀀄􀀉􀀑: 􀀋􀀔p􀀃􀀂􀀉􀀑􀀂 􀀉􀀑m􀀆􀀂􀀖􀀃􀀂 􀀒􀀑􀀂 􀀃􀀆􀀂􀀝􀀐 􀀊􀀉􀀆􀀘􀀎􀀑􀀋􀀉􀀋􀀑􀀒 􀀕􀀑􀀂􀀑􀀎􀀆􀀂􀀐 􀀆􀀂􀀄􀀃􀀂􀀐 􀀊􀀉􀀋􀀃􀀆􀀋􀀃 w􀀉􀀄􀀅 􀀕􀀝􀀉􀀎􀀉􀀕􀀆􀀝􀀝􀀐􀀂􀀃􀀝􀀃􀀏􀀆􀀎􀀄 􀀋􀀄􀀃􀀎􀀑􀀋􀀃􀀋 􀀆􀀎􀀊 􀀊􀀃􀀏􀀃􀀝􀀑pm􀀃􀀎􀀄 􀀑􀀒 m􀀆􀀕􀀅􀀉􀀎􀀃 􀀝􀀃􀀆􀀂􀀎􀀉􀀎􀀘 􀀊􀀉􀀆􀀘􀀎􀀑􀀋􀀄􀀉􀀕 m􀀑􀀊􀀃􀀝 . F􀀂􀀑􀀎􀀄 . 􀀛􀀆􀀂􀀊􀀉􀀑􀀏􀀆􀀋􀀕 . M􀀃􀀊 . 13:1719851 .􀀊􀀑􀀉: 10.3389/􀀒􀀕􀀏m.2026.1719851 􀀋􀀌􀀎􀀇􀀈􀀃􀀔􀀓􀀄 © 2026 􀀜􀀆􀀎􀀘􀀌 􀀜􀀆􀀎􀀘􀀌 􀀛􀀆􀀉􀀌 Z􀀅􀀆􀀎􀀘􀀌 􀀜􀀆􀀎􀀘􀀌 H􀀔􀀌 G􀀔􀀑 􀀆􀀎􀀊 M􀀆 . T􀀅􀀉􀀋 􀀉􀀋 􀀆􀀎 􀀑p􀀃􀀎-􀀆􀀕􀀕􀀃􀀋􀀋 􀀆􀀂􀀄􀀉􀀕􀀝􀀃􀀊􀀉􀀋􀀄􀀂􀀉 􀀔􀀄􀀃􀀊 􀀔􀀎􀀊􀀃􀀂 􀀄􀀅􀀃 􀀄􀀃􀀂m􀀋 􀀑􀀒 􀀄􀀅􀀃 􀀛􀀂􀀃􀀆􀀄􀀉􀀏􀀃􀀛􀀑mm􀀑􀀎􀀋 A􀀄􀀄􀀂􀀉 􀀔􀀄􀀉􀀑􀀎 􀀙􀀉􀀕􀀃􀀎􀀋􀀃 (􀀛􀀛 BY) . T􀀅􀀃􀀔􀀋􀀃􀀌 􀀊􀀉􀀋􀀄􀀂􀀉 􀀔􀀄􀀉􀀑􀀎 􀀑􀀂 􀀂􀀃p􀀂􀀑􀀊􀀔􀀕􀀄􀀉􀀑􀀎 􀀉􀀎 􀀑􀀄􀀅􀀃􀀂􀀒􀀑􀀂􀀔m􀀋 􀀉􀀋 p􀀃􀀂m􀀉􀀄􀀄􀀃􀀊􀀌 p􀀂􀀑􀀏􀀉􀀊􀀃􀀊 􀀄􀀅􀀃 􀀑􀀂􀀉􀀘􀀉􀀎􀀆􀀝􀀆􀀔􀀄􀀅􀀑􀀂(􀀋) 􀀆􀀎􀀊 􀀄􀀅􀀃 􀀕􀀑p􀀐􀀂􀀉􀀘􀀅􀀄 􀀑w􀀎􀀃􀀂(􀀋) 􀀆􀀂􀀃􀀕􀀂􀀃􀀊􀀉􀀄􀀃􀀊 􀀆􀀎􀀊 􀀄􀀅􀀆􀀄 􀀄􀀅􀀃 􀀑􀀂􀀉􀀘􀀉􀀎􀀆􀀝 p􀀔 􀀝􀀉􀀕􀀆􀀄􀀉􀀑􀀎 􀀉􀀎􀀄􀀅􀀉􀀋 j􀀑􀀔􀀂􀀎􀀆􀀝 􀀉􀀋 􀀕􀀉􀀄􀀃􀀊􀀌 􀀉􀀎 􀀆􀀕􀀕􀀑􀀂􀀊􀀆􀀎􀀕􀀃 w􀀉􀀄􀀅 􀀆􀀕􀀕􀀃p􀀄􀀃􀀊 􀀆􀀕􀀆􀀊􀀃m􀀉􀀕 p􀀂􀀆􀀕􀀄􀀉􀀕􀀃 . 􀀚􀀑 􀀔􀀋􀀃􀀌􀀊􀀉􀀋􀀄􀀂􀀉 􀀔􀀄􀀉􀀑􀀎 􀀑􀀂 􀀂􀀃p􀀂􀀑􀀊􀀔􀀕􀀄􀀉􀀑􀀎 􀀉􀀋 p􀀃􀀂m􀀉􀀄􀀄􀀃􀀊 w􀀅􀀉􀀕􀀅 􀀊􀀑􀀃􀀋 􀀎􀀑􀀄 􀀕􀀑mp􀀝􀀐 w􀀉􀀄􀀅 􀀄􀀅􀀃􀀋􀀃 􀀄􀀃􀀂m􀀋 . 􀀁􀀂􀀃􀀄􀀅􀀆􀀇􀀅􀀈􀀉􀀊􀀋􀀌􀀆􀀇 􀀎􀀊 􀀏􀀋􀀐􀀑􀀆􀀒􀀂􀀓􀀔􀀋􀀎􀀈􀀆􀀕􀀋􀀖􀀊􀀖􀀃􀀊􀀎􀀂􀀋􀀓􀀆􀀗􀀑􀀊􀀉􀀂􀀔􀀎􀀂􀀃􀀊􀀉􀀘􀀙􀀎􀀋􀀊􀀚 􀀔􀀄􀀖􀀂􀀃􀀋􀀊􀀃 􀀛􀀋􀀊􀀅􀀙􀀃􀀜􀀂􀀃 􀀝􀀊􀀃􀀂􀀙􀀃􀀉􀀈 􀀌􀀋􀀙􀀐􀀓􀀊􀀔􀀋􀀔 􀀊􀀝 􀀞􀀊􀀃􀀊􀀓􀀙􀀃􀀈 􀀙􀀃􀀎􀀂􀀃􀀈􀀌􀀋􀀔􀀂􀀙􀀔􀀂 􀀋􀀎􀀑 􀀞􀀉􀀋􀀓􀀋􀀞􀀙􀀉􀀉􀀈 􀀃􀀂􀀉􀀂v􀀙􀀓􀀎􀀔􀀎􀀂􀀓􀀊􀀔􀀂􀀔 􀀙􀀓􀀌 􀀌􀀂v􀀂􀀉􀀊􀀖􀀅􀀂􀀓􀀎 􀀊􀀝􀀅􀀙􀀞􀀑􀀋􀀓􀀂 􀀉􀀂􀀙􀀃􀀓􀀋􀀓􀀐 􀀌􀀋􀀙􀀐􀀓􀀊􀀔􀀎􀀋􀀞􀀅􀀊􀀌􀀂􀀉 Z􀀊􀀓􀀐z􀀂 W􀀙􀀓􀀐 1†, X􀀄􀀂􀀞􀀑􀀂􀀓 W􀀙􀀓􀀐 2†, Y􀀄􀀙􀀓􀀐 􀀗􀀙􀀋 2†, 􀀇􀀋􀀅􀀋􀀓 Z􀀑􀀙􀀓􀀐 1, Y􀀙􀀓􀀉􀀋 W􀀙􀀓􀀐 1, 􀀕􀀋j􀀄􀀙􀀓 􀀏􀀄 1, Y􀀄 G􀀄􀀊1 􀀙􀀓􀀌 J􀀄􀀓 M􀀙 1* 1 D􀀃p􀀆􀀂􀀄m􀀃􀀎􀀄 􀀑􀀒 M􀀃􀀊􀀉􀀕􀀆􀀝 􀀙􀀆 􀀑􀀂􀀆􀀄􀀑􀀂􀀐􀀌 T􀀉􀀆􀀎j􀀉􀀎 H􀀑􀀋p􀀉􀀄􀀆􀀝 􀀑􀀒 IT􀀛􀀜M 􀀚􀀆􀀎􀀖􀀆􀀉 H􀀑􀀋p􀀉􀀄􀀆􀀝􀀌 T􀀉􀀆􀀎j􀀉􀀎􀀌 􀀛􀀅􀀉􀀎􀀆􀀌 2􀀈􀀕􀀅􀀑􀀑􀀝􀀑􀀒 M􀀃􀀊􀀉􀀕􀀉􀀎􀀃􀀌 􀀚􀀆􀀎􀀖􀀆􀀉 􀀍􀀎􀀉􀀏􀀃􀀂􀀋􀀉􀀄􀀐􀀌 T􀀉􀀆􀀎j􀀉􀀎􀀌 􀀛􀀅􀀉􀀎􀀆 􀀆􀀕􀀖􀀗􀀘􀀙􀀚􀀛􀀜􀀝􀀞 T􀀅􀀉􀀋 􀀋􀀄􀀔􀀊􀀐 􀀆􀀉m􀀃􀀊 􀀄􀀑 􀀃􀀏􀀆􀀝􀀔􀀆􀀄􀀃 􀀄􀀅􀀃 􀀃􀀆􀀂􀀝􀀐 􀀊􀀉􀀆􀀘􀀎􀀑􀀋􀀄􀀉􀀕 􀀏􀀆􀀝􀀔􀀃 􀀑􀀒 􀀈􀀃􀀂􀀔mAm􀀐􀀝􀀑􀀉􀀊-A 􀀄􀀑 H􀀉􀀘􀀅-D􀀃􀀎􀀋􀀉􀀄􀀐-􀀙􀀉p􀀑p􀀂􀀑􀀄􀀃􀀉􀀎-􀀛􀀅􀀑􀀝􀀃􀀋􀀄􀀃􀀂􀀑􀀝 􀀞􀀆􀀄􀀉􀀑 (􀀈H􀀞) 􀀒􀀑􀀂 􀀕􀀑􀀂􀀑􀀎􀀆􀀂􀀐􀀆􀀂􀀄􀀃􀀂􀀐 􀀊􀀉􀀋􀀃􀀆􀀋􀀃 (􀀛AD) w􀀉􀀄􀀅 􀀕􀀝􀀉􀀎􀀉􀀕􀀆􀀝􀀝􀀐 􀀂􀀃􀀝􀀃􀀏􀀆􀀎􀀄 􀀋􀀄􀀃􀀎􀀑􀀋􀀃􀀋 􀀆􀀎􀀊 􀀊􀀃􀀏􀀃􀀝􀀑p 􀀆 m􀀆􀀕􀀅􀀉􀀎􀀃􀀝􀀃􀀆􀀂􀀎􀀉􀀎􀀘 􀀊􀀉􀀆􀀘􀀎􀀑􀀋􀀄􀀉􀀕 m􀀑􀀊􀀃􀀝 􀀆􀀋􀀃􀀊 􀀑􀀎 􀀃􀀗􀀄􀀂􀀃m􀀃 G􀀂􀀆􀀊􀀉􀀃􀀎􀀄 B􀀑􀀑􀀋􀀄􀀉􀀎􀀘 (􀀗GB􀀑􀀑􀀋􀀄) . eth􀀚􀀝s 􀀕􀀜􀀝 􀀙es􀀛lts􀀞 D􀀆􀀄􀀆 􀀒􀀂􀀑m 1􀀌108 􀀛AD p􀀆􀀄􀀉􀀃􀀎􀀄􀀋 (w􀀉􀀄􀀅 􀀕􀀑􀀂􀀑􀀎􀀆􀀂􀀐 􀀝􀀔m􀀉􀀎􀀆􀀝􀀊􀀉􀀆m􀀃􀀄􀀃􀀂 􀀋􀀄􀀃􀀎􀀑􀀋􀀉􀀋 ≥50% 􀀑􀀂 􀀃􀀏􀀉􀀊􀀃􀀎􀀕􀀃 􀀑􀀒 􀀒􀀔􀀎􀀕􀀄􀀉􀀑􀀎􀀆􀀝 m􀀐􀀑􀀕􀀆􀀂􀀊􀀉􀀆􀀝 􀀉􀀋􀀕􀀅􀀃m􀀉􀀆) 􀀆􀀎􀀊 962 􀀕􀀑􀀎􀀄􀀂􀀑􀀝􀀋 w􀀃􀀂􀀃 􀀂􀀃􀀄􀀂􀀑􀀋p􀀃􀀕􀀄􀀉􀀏􀀃􀀝􀀐 􀀆􀀎􀀆􀀝􀀐z􀀃􀀊 . 􀀞􀀃􀀕􀀃􀀉􀀏􀀃􀀂 􀀑p􀀃􀀂􀀆􀀄􀀉􀀎􀀘 􀀕􀀅􀀆􀀂􀀆􀀕􀀄􀀃􀀂􀀉􀀋􀀄􀀉􀀕(􀀞O􀀛) 􀀆􀀎􀀆􀀝􀀐􀀋􀀉􀀋 􀀋􀀅􀀑w􀀃􀀊 􀀈H􀀞 (􀀆􀀂􀀃􀀆 􀀔􀀎􀀊􀀃􀀂 􀀄􀀅􀀃 􀀕􀀔􀀂􀀏􀀃 (A􀀍􀀛) = 0.769)􀀑􀀔􀀄p􀀃􀀂􀀒􀀑􀀂m􀀃􀀊 􀀛-􀀂􀀃􀀆􀀕􀀄􀀉􀀏􀀃 p􀀂􀀑􀀄􀀃􀀉􀀎 (􀀛􀀞􀀁) ( 􀀁 = 0 . 006) 􀀆􀀎􀀊 􀀈􀀃􀀂􀀔m 􀀆m􀀐􀀝􀀑􀀉􀀊 A (􀀈AA) ( 􀀁 < 0 . 001) . F􀀑􀀔􀀂 􀀗GB􀀑􀀑􀀋􀀄 m􀀑􀀊􀀃􀀝􀀋 w􀀃􀀂􀀃 􀀕􀀑􀀎􀀋􀀄􀀂􀀔􀀕􀀄􀀃􀀊􀀌 􀀆􀀎􀀊 􀀄􀀅􀀃 􀀃􀀋􀀄 m􀀑􀀊􀀃􀀝 (􀀛􀀞􀀁 + 􀀈AA + 􀀈H􀀞 + 13 􀀑􀀄􀀅􀀃􀀂 􀀏􀀆􀀂􀀉􀀆 􀀝􀀃􀀋) 􀀆􀀕􀀅􀀉􀀃􀀏􀀃􀀊 􀀆􀀎 A􀀍􀀛 􀀑􀀒 0 .876. 􀀈H􀀞􀀕􀀑􀀂􀀂􀀃􀀝􀀆􀀄􀀃􀀊 􀀎􀀑􀀎􀀝􀀉􀀎􀀃􀀆􀀂􀀝􀀐 w􀀉􀀄􀀅 􀀆􀀘􀀃 ( 􀀁 < 0 . 001)􀀌 􀀆􀀎􀀊 􀀉􀀄􀀋 􀀊􀀉􀀆􀀘􀀎􀀑􀀋􀀄􀀉􀀕 􀀃􀀒ﬁ􀀕􀀆􀀕􀀐 w􀀆􀀋􀀅􀀉􀀘􀀅􀀃􀀂 􀀉􀀎 􀀐􀀑􀀔􀀎􀀘􀀃􀀂 p􀀆􀀄􀀉􀀃􀀎􀀄􀀋 (40 􀀐􀀃􀀆􀀂􀀋 􀀑􀀝􀀊􀀌 O􀀞 = 16.29) 􀀄􀀅􀀆􀀎 􀀉􀀎 􀀑􀀝􀀊􀀃􀀂 􀀆􀀊􀀔􀀝􀀄􀀋 (80 􀀐􀀃􀀆􀀂􀀋 􀀑􀀝􀀊􀀌 O􀀞 = 4 .37) . M􀀆􀀕􀀅􀀉􀀎􀀃 􀀝􀀃􀀆􀀂􀀎􀀉􀀎􀀘 m􀀑􀀊􀀃􀀝􀀋 􀀕􀀆􀀎 􀀆􀀊􀀊􀀂􀀃􀀋􀀋 􀀄􀀅􀀃 􀀊􀀃􀀕􀀝􀀉􀀎􀀃 􀀉􀀎􀀊􀀉􀀆􀀘􀀎􀀑􀀋􀀄􀀉􀀕 􀀕􀀆p􀀆 􀀉􀀝􀀉􀀄􀀐 􀀑􀀒 􀀈H􀀞 􀀉􀀎 􀀄􀀅􀀃 􀀃􀀝􀀊􀀃􀀂􀀝􀀐 p􀀑p􀀔􀀝􀀆􀀄􀀉􀀑􀀎 . 􀀋􀀚􀀜􀀖l􀀛si􀀚􀀜􀀞 􀀈H􀀞 􀀉􀀋 􀀆 􀀋􀀔p􀀃􀀂􀀉􀀑􀀂 􀀕􀀑mp􀀑􀀋􀀉􀀄􀀃 􀀉􀀑m􀀆􀀂􀀖􀀃􀀂 􀀒􀀑􀀂 􀀃􀀆􀀂􀀝􀀐 􀀊􀀉􀀆􀀘􀀎􀀑􀀋􀀉􀀋 􀀑􀀒 􀀛AD w􀀉􀀄􀀅 􀀕􀀝􀀉􀀎􀀉􀀕􀀆􀀝􀀝􀀐 􀀂􀀃􀀝􀀃􀀏􀀆􀀎􀀄 􀀋􀀄􀀃􀀎􀀑􀀋􀀃􀀋􀀌 􀀑􀀔􀀄p􀀃􀀂􀀒􀀑􀀂m􀀉􀀎􀀘 􀀛􀀞􀀁 􀀆􀀎􀀊 􀀈AA. M􀀆􀀕􀀅􀀉􀀎􀀃 􀀝􀀃􀀆􀀂􀀎􀀉􀀎􀀘 m􀀑􀀊􀀃􀀝 􀀉􀀎􀀄􀀃􀀘􀀂􀀆􀀄􀀉􀀎􀀘 m􀀔􀀝􀀄􀀉p􀀝􀀃 􀀉􀀎􀀊􀀉􀀕􀀆􀀄􀀑􀀂􀀋 􀀋􀀅􀀑w􀀋 􀀃x􀀕􀀃􀀝􀀝􀀃􀀎􀀄 􀀊􀀉􀀆􀀘􀀎􀀑􀀋􀀄􀀉􀀕 p􀀃􀀂􀀒􀀑􀀂m􀀆􀀎􀀕􀀃 . E􀀝􀀃􀀏􀀆􀀄􀀃􀀊 􀀈H􀀞 􀀉􀀎􀀊􀀉􀀕􀀆􀀄􀀃􀀋 􀀅􀀉􀀘􀀅􀀃􀀂 􀀛AD 􀀂􀀉􀀋􀀖 􀀉􀀎 􀀐􀀑􀀔􀀎􀀘􀀃􀀂 􀀉􀀎􀀊􀀉􀀏􀀉􀀊􀀔􀀆􀀝􀀋􀀌 p􀀂􀀑􀀏􀀉􀀊􀀉􀀎􀀘 􀀆 􀀎􀀃w 􀀋􀀄􀀂􀀆􀀄􀀃􀀘􀀐 􀀒􀀑􀀂 􀀃􀀆􀀂􀀝􀀐 􀀋􀀕􀀂􀀃􀀃􀀎􀀉􀀎􀀘 􀀑􀀒 􀀛AD w􀀉􀀄􀀅 􀀕􀀝􀀉􀀎􀀉􀀕􀀆􀀝􀀝􀀐 􀀂􀀃􀀝􀀃􀀏􀀆􀀎􀀄 􀀋􀀄􀀃􀀎􀀑􀀋􀀃􀀋 . K􀀁􀀇􀀊􀀌􀀈􀀂􀀍 􀀖􀀚􀀙􀀚􀀜􀀕􀀙y 􀀕􀀙te􀀙y 􀀝ise􀀕se, 􀀋-􀀙e􀀕􀀖tive p􀀙􀀚tei􀀜, ext􀀙eme 􀀘􀀙􀀕􀀝ie􀀜t b􀀚􀀚sti􀀜􀀘, m􀀕􀀖hi􀀜ele􀀕􀀙􀀜i􀀜􀀘, se􀀙􀀛m 􀀕myl􀀚i􀀝 􀀐, 􀀍e􀀙􀀛m-􀀐myl􀀚i􀀝-􀀐 t􀀚 􀀓i􀀘h-􀀂e􀀜sity-􀀒ip􀀚p􀀙􀀚tei􀀜 -􀀋h􀀚leste􀀙􀀚l 􀀈􀀕ti􀀚 F􀀃􀀊􀀓􀀎􀀋􀀂􀀃􀀔 􀀋􀀓 􀀗􀀙􀀃􀀌􀀋􀀊v􀀙􀀔􀀞􀀄􀀉􀀙􀀃 M􀀂􀀌􀀋􀀞􀀋􀀓􀀂 01 􀀝􀀃􀀊􀀓􀀎􀀋􀀂􀀃􀀔􀀋􀀓 .􀀊􀀃􀀐 1 I􀀓􀀎􀀃􀀊􀀌􀀄􀀞􀀎􀀋􀀊􀀓 􀀁􀀂􀀃􀀂􀀄􀀅􀀃􀀆 􀀅􀀃􀀈􀀉􀀃􀀆 􀀊􀀋􀀌􀀉􀀅􀀌􀀉 􀀍􀀁􀀎􀀏􀀐 􀀑􀀂􀀄􀀈􀀋􀀄􀀒􀀉􀀌 􀀈􀀂 􀀓􀀉 􀀅 􀀔􀀅􀀕􀀂􀀃􀀑􀀂􀀄􀀈􀀃􀀋􀀓􀀒􀀈􀀂􀀃 􀀈􀀂 􀀖􀀗􀀂􀀓􀀅􀀗 􀀔􀀂􀀃􀀓􀀋􀀊􀀋􀀈􀀆 􀀅􀀄􀀊 􀀔􀀂􀀃􀀈􀀅􀀗􀀋􀀈􀀆 􀀍􀀘􀀐􀀙 􀀚􀀈􀀌 􀀛􀀃􀀉􀀜􀀅􀀗􀀉􀀄􀀑􀀉􀀌􀀝􀀂􀀞􀀌 􀀌􀀋􀀖􀀄􀀋 􀀑􀀅􀀄􀀈 􀀖􀀉􀀂􀀖􀀃􀀅􀀛􀀝􀀋􀀑􀀅􀀗 􀀜􀀅􀀃􀀋􀀅􀀓􀀋􀀗􀀋􀀈􀀆, 􀀞􀀋􀀈􀀝 􀀝􀀋􀀖􀀝􀀉􀀃 􀀅􀀖􀀉 -􀀌􀀈􀀅􀀄􀀊􀀅􀀃􀀊􀀋z􀀉􀀊 􀀋􀀄􀀑􀀋􀀊􀀉􀀄􀀑􀀉 􀀃􀀅􀀈􀀉􀀌 􀀂􀀓􀀌􀀉􀀃􀀜􀀉􀀊 􀀋􀀄 􀀗􀀂􀀞 - 􀀅􀀄􀀊 􀀔􀀋􀀊􀀊􀀗􀀉 -􀀋􀀄􀀑􀀂􀀔􀀉 􀀑􀀂􀀒􀀄􀀈􀀃􀀋􀀉􀀌 􀀈􀀝􀀅􀀄 􀀋􀀄 􀀝􀀋􀀖􀀝-􀀋􀀄􀀑􀀂􀀔􀀉 􀀄􀀅􀀈􀀋􀀂􀀄􀀌 􀀞􀀝􀀋􀀑􀀝 􀀃􀀉\#􀀉􀀑􀀈􀀌􀀊􀀋􀀌􀀛􀀅􀀃􀀋􀀈􀀋􀀉􀀌 􀀋􀀄 􀀝􀀉􀀅􀀗􀀈􀀝􀀑􀀅􀀃􀀉 􀀅􀀑􀀑􀀉􀀌􀀌􀀋􀀓􀀋􀀗􀀋􀀈􀀆 􀀅􀀄􀀊 􀀃􀀋􀀌k f􀀅􀀑􀀈􀀂􀀃 􀀔􀀅􀀄􀀅􀀖􀀉􀀔􀀉􀀄􀀈􀀍2􀀐􀀙 􀀚􀀄 􀀈􀀝􀀉 U􀀄􀀋􀀈􀀉􀀊 S􀀈􀀅􀀈􀀉􀀌 􀀅􀀗􀀂􀀄􀀉, 􀀁􀀎􀀏 􀀅ff􀀉􀀑􀀈􀀌 7􀀙2% 􀀂f 􀀅

FAQs

What biomarker is evaluated for early diagnosis?

The serum amyloid-A to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (A/H) is evaluated as a potential biomarker for early diagnosis in Alzheimer’s disease.

How is diagnostic performance assessed?

Diagnostic performance is assessed using statistical comparisons of discrimination and metrics such as sensitivity/specificity and receiver operating characteristics.

Does the A/H ratio outperform other indicators?

The findings indicate that the A/H ratio provides added discriminative value compared with individual markers and related inflammatory indices.

Aug 5, 2026

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