Fudan University Centre for Evidence-based Nursing: A Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence, Fudan University - Chinese translation and validation of the Contraceptive Knowledge Assessment (CKA) scale

Sep 4, 2026

Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Contraceptive Knowledge Assessment (CKA) scale into Chinese were conducted to enable practical assessment among college students. A survey of 388 students in Shanghai evaluated reliability and validity following standardized scale introduction procedures, including translation, back-translation, and iterative revisions. Exploratory factor analysis identified 8 factors with a 58.923% cumulative contribution rate. Internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.793) and test-retest reliability (Pearson r = 0.743) supported the scale’s psychometric quality for measuring contraceptive knowledge levels.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryHealthcare

FormatPDF

Pages14

Reading Time35 min

AccessFree to download

Background and need

Study aim

Methods

Study design

Translation and adaptation process

Participants and expert review

Psychometric evaluation

Factor analysis

Reliability and validity results

Conclusion

Fudan University Centre for Evidence-based Nursing: A Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence, Fudan University Fudan University Centre for Evidence-based Nursing: A Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence, Fudan University Fudan University Centre for Evidence-based Nursing: A Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence, Fudan University contraception, surveys and questionnaires, reproducibility of results, reliability, validity April 8th, 2024 [https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4200416/v1](https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4200416/v1) 􀁱 􀅏 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Read Full License No competing interests reported. A version of this preprint was published at BMC Public Health on October 14th, 2024. See the published version at [https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-20337-8](https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-20337-8) . To translate and revise the Contraceptive Knowledge Assessment (CKA) scale and apply it to college students. After cross-cultural debugging of the source scale, the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the scale were tested. Based on the principle of scale introduction, the contraceptive knowledge assessment scale was translated and back-translated, and cross-cultural adjustment and revision were carried out. A survey was then conducted among 388 college students in Shanghai to test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the CKA scale. There were 22 items in the Chinese version. Factor analysis extracted 8 common factors, with a cumulative contribution rate of 58.923% . The Cronbach's α coe®cient was 0.793, and the test-retest reliability Pearson correlation coe®cient was 0.743. The Chinese version of the CKA scale has good reliability and validity and is suitable for assessing the level of contraceptive knowledge. In recent years, with the development of the social economy, college students have become more openminded regarding sexual attitudes. The proportion of college students engaging in premarital sex and unmarried cohabitation is increasing, and the incidence of sexually transmitted diseases, unwanted pregnancy and miscarriage is also increasing, which causes mental distress such as depression, anxiety, anger, and grief [ 1] . The level of understanding of contraceptive knowledge and the use of contraceptive methods are directly related to the sexual and reproductive health of college students [2] . The lack of contraceptive knowledge limits the ability of college students to have safe sex and increases the incidence of adverse sexual and reproductive outcomes. Infectious diseases and premarital pregnancy have caused serious physical and mental health problems for college students. There is an urgent need for tools that can evaluate this knowledge level to inform targeted measures to improve contraceptive knowledge among college students. However, although there are some investigations and studies on college students' reproductive and contraceptive knowledge in China, the related studies started late, and most of the studies used selfdesigned questionnaires that did not provide exact reliability and validity; thus, the quality of the questionnaires was doubtful. In 2017, Meagan Campol Haynes and others revised the "Contraceptive Knowledge Inventory (CKI)" in the Handbook of Sexually Related Measures. Based on the CKI published in 1976, it combines new names and new usages of contraceptive methods in today's society. The Contraceptive Knowledge Assessment (CKA), a new tool for measuring contraceptive knowledge, was designed and established. CKA can better re ect the level of contraceptive knowledge. By referring to the main scienti¬c publications of the American Family Planning Association and using the Delphi method and semistructured interviews with patients, the criterion validity and test-retest reliability of the scale were examined, and the reliability and validity wer

FAQs

What is the main purpose of this study?

To translate and adapt the Contraceptive Knowledge Assessment (CKA) scale into Chinese and evaluate its reliability and validity for use among college students in China.

How was the Chinese CKA version developed?

The scale was translated and back-translated, followed by cross-cultural adjustment and revision using a standardized scale adaptation process and cognitive review steps.

How many items does the Chinese CKA contain and what were the key reliability/validity results?

The Chinese version includes 22 items. Factor analysis extracted 8 common factors (58.923% cumulative contribution), with Cronbach’s α of 0.793 and test-retest Pearson r of 0.743.

Sep 4, 2026

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