Enhancing RAMOSE, a framework for implementing REST APIs and semantic-actionable outputs over data sources

Jul 16, 2026

Enhancing RAMOSE introduces a second major version of an open-source Python framework that turns declarative configuration into documented REST APIs over RDF triplestores. The update adds nine requirements, including orchestration across multiple SPARQL endpoints and non-RDF sources with joins, pluggable output formats and parameters, pagination and caching, OpenAPI export, and authenticated write operations. A built-in module packages SKG-IF-compliant formats and filters, enabling compliant endpoints through configuration; reproducible tests compare nine similar tools and highlight RAMOSE’s unique RDF–non-RDF joining.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryResearch & Report

FormatPDF

Pages15

Reading Time38 min

Introduction

Interoperability and shared semantic artefacts

REST APIs for interoperability

RAMOSE overview and limitations

Goals of the second version

Date of publication xxxx 00, 0000, date of current version xxxx 00, 0000 . Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/ACCESS.2017.DOI Enhancing RAMOSE, a framework for implementing REST APIs and semantic-actionable outputs over data sources [ cs .DL] 13 Jul shared specifications, such as the Scientific Knowledge Graph - Interoperability Framework (SKG-IF), which defines a common data model, exchange format, and REST API for research information. Implementing such specifications over existing data sources, however, requires a development effort that many open infrastructures cannot afford. RAMOSE, the RESTful API Manager Over SPARQL Endpoints, isan open-source Python framework that reduces this effort by turning a declarative configuration file into a documented REST API over RDF triplestores. This article presents its second major version, which extends the tool with nine new requirements. The new features include query orchestration across multiple SPARQL endpoints and non-RDF sources, with joins across their results; pluggable output formats and request parameters; pagination and caching; OpenAPI export; and write operations, with authentication both of API consumers and towards protected endpoints. A built-in module packages the format and filters that SKG-IF prescribes, letting a provider expose a compliant endpoint only through configuration. A functional comparison with nine similar tools, grounded in reproducible tests, shows that only RAMOSE joins RDF and non-RDF results on arbitrary keys within one API operation. RAMOSE serves the OpenCitations REST APIs, which peaked at almost 38 million monthly requests between May 2025 and May 2026, and has been adopted by the GRAPHIA project to onboard data sources into its SKG-IF-based federation. INDEX TERMS Linked Data, Open Science, OpenCitations, REST API, SKG-IF, SPARQL I. INTRODUCTION INTEROPERABILITY is a concept that has characterised several aspects of the Open Science construct defined by UNESCO [1], and it is usually implemented, [e.g. in](e.g. in) the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC, [https://eosc.eu/](https://eosc.eu/)) [2], by adopting shared formal conceptualisation such as vocabularies, taxonomies, ontologies, or, more generally, semantic artefacts [3]–[5]. Using these artefacts is crucial for scholarly infrastructures [6] that aim to interoperate with each other ina network of distributed services, and to be compliant with the FAIR principles [7] . The various strategies often adopted to guarantee that different systems included in a distributed environment, with their own workflows and data, can interoperate with eachother include the use of REST APIs [8], which are usually“natively supported by all major programming and runtime frameworks today” [9], even if they should be chosen asa solution and implemented to be compliant with technical standards to maximise interoperability and reuse of code [10],[11] . For instance, in this context, a recent standard developed to guarantee the interoperability of infrastructures sharing data about research (bibliographic metadata, citation data, funding information, etc.) is the Scientific Knowledge Graph -Interoperability Framework (SKG-IF, [https://skg-i](https://skg-i)[f.github.io/](f.github.io/)), which provides a data model for describing its data, a JSON-LD format for exchanging them, and a REST arXiv :2607 . 11218v1 API specification detailing basic operations for retrieving SKG-IF data in JSON-LD format [12] . While standard API definitions exist, such as SKG-IF, putting them into practice, and thus implementing them in existing systems, requires significant effort, including both the human time needed to provide them and meaningful financial contributions to support development and maintenance. Often, existing open scholarly infrastructures and systems struggle with financial sustainability, and even if implementing new API endpoints could increase their visibility, interoperability and data r

FAQs

What problem does RAMOSE address in implementing REST APIs over research data sources?

Standard REST API definitions like SKG-IF are often costly to implement in existing systems. RAMOSE reduces the human and financial effort by generating documented REST APIs from a declarative configuration.

What new capabilities are introduced in RAMOSE’s second major version?

The update adds query orchestration across multiple SPARQL endpoints and non-RDF sources, joins across results, pluggable output formats and request parameters, pagination and caching, OpenAPI export, and authenticated write operations.

How does RAMOSE help providers comply with SKG-IF through configuration?

A built-in module packages SKG-IF-prescribed formats and filters so a provider can expose a compliant endpoint by configuration rather than writing additional bespoke logic.

Jul 16, 2026

Upload by Evangeline