Violence Risk Assessment & Management Information Toolkit

Sep 2, 2026

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Toolkit focused on epidemiology, risk assessment, and risk management related to violence and mental illness. Covers ways to measure crime and interpret trends, including key victim and perpetrator patterns. Explains research challenges and biases when linking psychosis with violence, and reviews major study designs such as prison surveys, cross-sectional studies, and cohort follow-up. Includes core findings from classic epidemiological and violence risk assessment research to support clinical and actuarial approaches.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryPresentations

FormatPPT

Pages150

Reading Time53 min

AccessFree to download

Violence Risk Assessment & Management Information Toolkit

Epidemiology of Violence and Mental Illness

Risk Assessment: Clinical, Actuarial, Structured Clinical

Risk Management

Further Study

Is there a link between psychosis and violence?

Research base and information biases

Violence Risk Assessment & Management Information Toolkit Dr Gregory Darryl / Dr Waldron Gerard Structure Epidemiology of violence and mental illness Risk Assessment: Clinical Actuarial Structured clinical Risk Management Further Study Epidemiology of Violence and Mental Illness Is it this bad? Crime There are various ways of measuring crime: Household survey (e.g. British Crime Survey) Arrest statistics Rates of convictions British Crime Survey 2012/13http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/dcp171778_349849.pdf 8.0 million crimes in past one year c.f. police report 3.7 million offences 21.5% chance of being a victim (39.7% in 1995) BCS- Types of Offences Trends in Violent Offences source: Crime Survey for England and Wales, Office for National Statistics BCS- Violent offenceshttp://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/dcp171778_298904.pdf Levels of violent crime estimated by the CSEW showed a statistically significant decrease of 13%in the year ending September 2013 compared with the previous year. This follows on from largefalls seen in the CSEW between 1995 and 2004/05, with current estimates at less than half the levelseen at the highest level reported, in 1995 Highest perpetrator group- single men, 16-24 (86% violent offenders men; 52% aged between 16 and 24) Highest victim group- see above 2.3% risk of violence (3.8% men, 2.1% women, 11% gp above) Men most likely victim violence from stranger (75%) Women most likely victim of domestic violence (71%) 47% of perpetrators alcohol; 23% drugs Types of Violent Offences(2011/12)source:Focus on: Violent Crime and SexualOffences, 2011/12 http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/dcp171778_298904.pdf Why drop in crime? Various theories e.g. Post World War 2 baby boom- large numbers of young men during 1960s and 1970s who are now older Removal of lead from petrol Repopulation of inner cities Hotspot policing Technology, making acquisitive offending harder Better trauma care, meaning fewer deaths from violence For review see 'The International Crime Drop’, van Dijk, J et al, Palgrave Macmillan, London, 2012 Is there a link between psychosis and violence? Research Base Before 1990s there was a lack of evidence on the link between mental illness and violence During the 1990s and 2000s a large number of different studies were undertaken, driven, in part by public anxiety Bias Studies in this area are difficult. Information biases are particularly problematic, concerning: Psychiatric factors e.g. Diagnosis Definition of psychiatric patient And offending / violence e.g. Recording of crime Selection bias (are people who are psychotic more likely to be arrested?) Arrest statistics Types of studies Prison Surveys Cross-Sectional Studies Cohort studies Discharge Follow-up Meta-analysis Prison Surveys Prisons are a good place to look for those who’ve been violent! These were the first studies to look at the link between violence and mental illness e.g. Maden, Taylor, Brooke et al (1995); Taylor & Gunn (1984) Gunn, Maden & Swinton (1991) 5% of all convicted male prisoners in E&W; n=1796 45% psychiatric diagnosis 90%= substance abuse, PD, sexual deviance, neurosis 2% psychotic 3% needed transfer to hospital Cross-sectional Studies Prison surveys gave some information but looked at an unusual group Cross sectional studies aimed to measure mental illness and criminality at using data obtained at one moment in time e.g. Epidemiological Catchment Area Survey- Swanson et al (1990) Epidemiological Catchment Area Survey- Swanson et al (1990) Method: 10,000 people 3 metropolitan areas in USA DSM-III diagnosis Epidemiological Catchment Area Survey- Swanson et al (1990) Measures of violence (1 or more needed in past year): “Did you ever hit or throw things at your partner?” “Have you ever spanked or hit a child hard enough that he/she has bruises or had to stay in bed or had to see a doctor?” “Since the age of 18, have you been in more than 1 fight that came to swapping blows, other than fights with your partner?” “Have you ever used a

FAQs

What are the main methods for risk assessment covered in the toolkit?

It distinguishes clinical, actuarial, and structured clinical approaches for assessing violence risk.

How does the material describe measuring crime and interpreting trends?

It lists measurement sources such as household surveys, arrest statistics, and conviction rates, and summarizes estimated changes and patterns using survey data.

Why is it difficult to establish a link between psychosis and violence?

The slides highlight information biases, including issues in diagnosis, definitions, recording of crime, and selection bias related to who gets arrested.

Sep 2, 2026

Upload by Adam