SQL Reference & Resources - Select Statements - Joins - Online References - Books

Oct 14, 2026

A concise SQL reference compiling core SELECT statement patterns, including column selection, filtering with logical conditions (AND, OR, NOT, IN, LIKE, BETWEEN), grouping with aggregation (SUM, MIN, MAX, MEAN/AVG, COUNT, VAR, STDEV), and post-aggregation filtering via HAVING. It also summarizes join types—INNER, LEFT, and RIGHT—showing how matching criteria affect which rows appear. The guide further lists online SQL learning and documentation resources and recommended SQL-related books, plus sample SAS PROC SQL queries using multiple joins and reports.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryPresentations

FormatPDF

Pages4

Reading Time2 min

AccessFree to download

Select Statements

Joins

Online References

Books

SQL Reference & Resources Select Statements SELECT * FROM table1 -Select all rows and columns (*) from table1 SELECT col1, col2 FROM table1 -Select columns col1 and col2 and all rows from table1 SELECT col1, col2 FROM table1 WHERE logical-conditions -Select columns col1 and col2 and all rows from table1 where the rows meet the logical conditions. Operators: AND, OR, NOT, IN, LIKE, BETWEEN. SELECT col1, sum(col2) as col2sum FROM table1 GROUP BY col1 -Select the values of column col1 and the sum of col2 over the distinct values of col1 . Could also use other aggregation functions: SUM, MIN, MAX, MEAN/AVG, COUNT, VAR, STDEV. SELECT col1, sum(col2) as col2sum FROM table1 GROUP BY col1 HAVING sum(col2) > 100 -Select the values of column col1 and the sum of col2 over the distinct values of col1, keeping only values of col1 that have a sum over 100. Could also use other aggregation functions: SUM, MIN, MAX, MEAN/AVG, COUNT, VAR, STDEV. Joins SELECT * FROM table1 INNER JOIN table2 ON join-conditions -Join all rows oftable1 with rows oftable2 that match the join-condition (typically identical keys) . SELECT * FROM table1 LEFT JOIN table2 ON join-conditions -Join all rows oftable1 with rows oftable2 that match the join-condition (typically identical keys) . Result contains all rows oftable1; rows that do not match the join-condition have missing/null values for the columns from table2 SELECT * FROM table1 RIGHT JOIN table2 ON join-conditions -Join all rows oftable1 with rows oftable2 that match the join-condition (typically identical keys) . Result contains all rows oftable2; rows that do not match the join-condition have missing/null values for the columns from table1 Online References • SAS Online Documentation • [http://support.sas.com/onlinedoc/913/docMainpage.jsp](http://support.sas.com/onlinedoc/913/docMainpage.jsp) • Base SAS Æ Base SAS Procedures Guide Æ SAS SQL Procedure User’s Guide • MS Access SQL Documentation • [http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/access-help/CH010072899.aspx](http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/access-help/CH010072899.aspx) • SQL Tutorial • [http://www.sqltutorial.org](http://www.sqltutorial.org) • SQL Cheat Sheet-[http://www.sqltutorial.org/sql-cheat-sheet.aspx](http://www.sqltutorial.org/sql-cheat-sheet.aspx) Books • O’Reilly Books ([http://shop.oreilly.com](http://shop.oreilly.com)) • Learning SQL, 2nd Edition • SQL In a Nutshell, 3rd Edition • SQL Cookbook, 1st Edition • SQL Pocket Guide, 3rd Edition • SAS Publishing ([http://support.sas.com/publishing/](http://support.sas.com/publishing/)) • PROC SQL: Beyond the Basics Using SAS • PROC SQL By Example: Using SQL Within SAS /* Sample code for TAIR 2012 Presentation */ libname tair "C:\Documents and Settings\prhodes\Desktop\TAIR 2012\data"; run; proc sql; /* Example 1: Basic Query */ select * from tair.students; quit; proc sql; /* Example 2: Subsetting */ select * from tair.students where home_state ne 'TX'; quit; proc sql; /* Example 3: Inner Join */ select [a.id](a.id) , a.home_state, b.class from tair.students as a, tair.acad_info as b where [a.id = b.id](a.id = b.id) and home_state ne 'TX'; quit; proc sql; /* Example 4: Left Join */ select [a.id](a.id) , a.gender, b.course from tair.students as a left join tair.schedule as bon [a.id=b.id](a.id=b.id) where a.home_state<>'TX'; quit; proc sql; /* Example 5: Basic Report */ select home_state as state label='State', count(distinct id) as number label='Number'from tair.students group by home_state; quit; proc sql; /* Example 6: Basic Report 2 */ select [a.id](a.id) , b.class, sum( [c.credit_hrs](c.credit_hrs) ) as total_hours from tair.students as a, tair.acad_info as b, tair.schedule as c where [a.id=b.id](a.id=b.id) and [b.id=c.id](b.id=c.id)[ ](b.id=c.id)group by [a.id](a.id) , b.class having sum( [c.credit_hrs](c.credit_hrs) )>18 order by class; quit;

FAQs

What operators are supported in the SELECT WHERE logical conditions section?

The reference lists AND, OR, NOT, IN, LIKE, and BETWEEN as operators used within WHERE logical conditions.

How does GROUP BY and HAVING work in the provided examples?

It groups results by a column (GROUP BY) and then uses HAVING to keep only groups where an aggregate condition is met (e.g., SUM(col2) > 100).

What is the difference between INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN, and RIGHT JOIN in these examples?

INNER JOIN returns only matching rows. LEFT JOIN returns all rows from the left table plus matching rows from the right, with NULLs where there is no match. RIGHT JOIN returns all rows from the right table plus matching rows from the left, with NULLs where there is no match.

Oct 14, 2026

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