Parts of Speech - Grammar

Oct 12, 2026

Uploaded by SANS

Guide to English parts of speech and basic sentence grammar. Defines key categories including noun, pronoun, adjective, verb, adverb, preposition, conjunction, and interjection with representative examples. Explains sentence elements such as subject and predicate, and identifies common sentence errors including fused sentence, comma splice, and fragment. Includes a helping verbs list and a comprehensive prepositions overview, along with preposition rules and the structure of prepositional phrases using example sentences.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryGeneral

FormatPDF

Pages2

Reading Time1 min

AccessFree to download

Noun

Pronoun

Adjective

Verb

Adverb

Preposition

Conjunction

Interjection

Grammar

Subject and predicate

Sentence errors: fused sentence, comma splice, fragment

Helping verbs

Prepositions

Rules and object of the preposition

Prepositional phrase

PARTS OF SPEECH NOUN: Name of a person, place, thing or quality. (examples: Billy, Chicago, pencil, courage) . PRONOUN: Word used in place of a noun. (examples: he, she, it, they, we) . ADJECTIVE: Word that describes or limits a noun or pronoun. (examples: big, blue, mean, pretty) . VERB: Word expressing action or state of being. (examples: write, kiss, is, feels) . ADVERB: Word used to modify the meaning of a verb, adjective, or another adverb. (examples: always, once, quickly, too, there) . PREPOSITION: Word used to show the relation between two or more things. (examples: to, at, under, into, between) . CONJUNCTION: Word used tojoin a word or group of words with another word or group of words. INTERJECTION: An exclamation. (examples: oh!, wow!) . GRAMMAR Subject: The something or someone talked about or doing the action in a sentence. (ex.: President Johnson disliked his portrait.) Predicate: The verb plus all its modifiers and complements. (ex.: President Johnson disliked his portrait.) Fused Sentence: Two sentences run together with no punctuation between them. (ex.: President Johnson disliked his portrait he felt it made him look too old.) Comma Splice: Two sentences separated only by a comma. (ex.: President Johnson disliked his portrait, he felt it made him look too old.) Fragment: A group of words presented as a sentence but which lacks the elements ofa sentence. (ex.: Once upon a time.) Sentence: A group of words containing a subject, a verb, and expressing a complete thought. (ex.: Once upon a time, Jack and Jill tumbled down the hill.) OVER HELPING VERBS be being been am is are was were may might can could will would must do did does have has had having shall should PREPOSITIONS about above across after against along among around at before behind below beneath besides between beyond by down during for from in inside into like near of off on onto over since through to toward under underneath until up upon with within without 1. A preposition shows a relationship between a noun or a pronoun and another word in the sentence. 2. A preposition is always completed by a noun; this noun is called the object of the preposition. Mary put her book on the table. (on is the prep. and table is the object of the prep.) 3. The entire group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun is called a prepositional phrase. Mary put her book on the table. (on the table is the prepositional phrase)

FAQs

What is a prepositional phrase, and how is it formed?

A prepositional phrase begins with a preposition and ends with a noun (the object of the preposition). Example: “on the table” in “Mary put her book on the table.”

How do you distinguish the subject and the predicate in a sentence?

The subject is what the sentence is about or who/what performs the action. The predicate is the verb plus all its modifiers and complements.

What are fused sentence, comma splice, and fragment?

A fused sentence has two sentences run together with no punctuation. A comma splice separates two sentences only with a comma. A fragment is a group of words presented as a sentence but missing key elements such as subject/verb.

Oct 12, 2026

Uploaded by SANS