Analysis of the Contributing Factors to the Surge in Job Loss Insurance (JKP) Claims at BPJS Ketenagakerjaan in the First Quarter of 2025

Sep 10, 2026

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Study identifies and analyzes factors contributing to the surge in Job Loss Insurance (JKP) claims in Indonesia during the first quarter of 2025 and examines correlation with layoff (PHK) data. A qualitative approach using literature and desk research draws on official BPJS Employment Agency reports, news articles, and statistical publications related to Indonesia’s economic growth in Q1 2025. Findings show JKP claims in Q1 2025 totaled 35,493 cases, with disbursements of IDR 161.005 billion, a 100.6% increase year-on-year. The rise reflects labor-market pressure linked to economic growth conditions, digitalization, and corporate cost-efficiency and workforce management measures.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryGeneral

FormatPDF

Pages11

Reading Time4 min

AccessFree to download

Abstract

Introduction

JKP Program and Legal Basis

Q1 2025 Claim Surge and Possible Drivers

Research Methods

Qualitative Approach

Data Collection and Sources

Qualitative Descriptive-Analytical Analysis

Analysis of the Contributing Factors to the Surge In Job Loss Insurance (JKP) Claims at BPJS Ketenagakerjaan in the First Quarter of 2025 Annisa Rahimah Nasution1*, Embun Tri Aulia2, Faiqoh Luxfia3, Yeyen Ayuka3 1Universitas Sumatera Utara 􀀍 nisa04nst@gmail. com, embuntriaulia06@gmail. com, faiqohluxfia08@gmail. com, yeyenayuka62@gmail. com Abstract This study aims to identify and analyze the factors contributing to the surge in Job Loss Insurance (JKP) claims in the first quarter of 2025 and its correlation with layoff (PHK) data in Indonesia. Using a qualitative approach through literature and desk research, the study identifies the factors influencing the relationship between mass layoffs and the spike in JKP claims data in Q1 2025, data were collected from official reports of the BPJS Employment Agency, news articles, and statistical publications on Indonesia's economic growth in the first quarter of 2025. The study finds JKP claims in the first quarter of 2025 reached 35,493 cases, with total disbursements amounting to IDR 161.005 billion, representing a 100. 6% increase compared to the same period in the previous year. This surge in JKP claims reflects significant pressure on Indonesia’s labor market, driven by factors such as economic growth, digitalization, and cost-efficiency measures. Keywords: BPJS Ketenagakerjaan, Growth Economic, Job Loss Insurance (JKP), Mass Layoffs (PHK) 1. INTRODUCTION In recent years, Indonesia's labor market dynamics have come under significant pressure due to global economic uncertainty, technological disruption, and corporate operational efficiency measures. Oneof the most evident impacts of this situation is the increasing number of layoffs across various industrial sectors, particularly in manufacturing, technology, and media. Data from Statistics Indonesia (BPS) indicate a rise in the open unemployment rate, which directly reflects the widespread occurrence of mass layoffs. Programs providing unemployment insurance are essential for maintaining economic stability, though their effectiveness depends on the specific labor market conditions. In more developed countries, these programs are typically closely linked to broader social protection systems. The Job Loss Insurance (JKP) Program managed by BPJS Ketenagakerjaan is an initiative by the Indonesian government to provide social protection for workers who experience termination of employment (layoffs) . The Job Loss Insurance (JKP) program is a component of the National Social Security System designed for workers who experience termination of employment (layoffs) . This program is legally established under Law No. 6 of 2023, which ratifies Government Regulation in Lieu of Law No. 2 of 2022 concerning Job Creation into law. In essence, JKP is an enhancement of Law No. 40 of 2004 on the National Social Security System (SJSN), which previously encompassed programs such as Health Insurance (JKN), Work Accident Insurance (JKK), Old-Age Security (JHT), Pension Insurance (JP), and Death Insurance (JKm),(Habibi, 2025) In the first quarter of 2025, BPJS Ketenagakerjaan recorded a significant surge in JKP claims, with total disbursements made to approximately 35,000 laid-off workers (Prahendra, 2025) . This phenomenon indicates considerable pressure on the labor market, which is suspected to be driven by various factors. BPJS Watch has highlighted this increase in claims as a reflection of structural challenges in the labor sector, such as corporate policy shifts or industrial transformation (Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial Ketenagakerjaan, 2025) . In addition, factors such as global economic fluctuations and digitalization are also cited as triggers for the rising number of layoffs ([Kontan.co.id](Kontan.co.id), 2025). The spike in JKP claims underscores the need to analyze its underlying causes, both from macroeconomic perspectives such as economic growth slowdownsand micro-level factors, such as corporate workforce ma

FAQs

What is the main objective of the study?

The study aims to identify and analyze the factors behind the surge in Job Loss Insurance (JKP) claims in the first quarter of 2025 and assess its correlation with layoff data in the same period.

How was the research conducted?

The research uses a qualitative approach through literature review and desk research, drawing on secondary sources such as official BPJS reports, news articles, and statistical publications.

What were the results for JKP claims in Q1 2025?

In Q1 2025, JKP claims reached 35,493 cases with total disbursements of IDR 161.005 billion, representing a 100.6% increase compared with the same period in the previous year.

Sep 10, 2026

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