Value of biplane transrectal ultrasonography plus micro-flow imaging in preoperative T staging and rectal cancer diagnosis

Q: What is the main purpose of this study?

To assess the diagnostic value of biplane transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) combined with micro-flow imaging (MFI) for preoperative T staging and rectal cancer diagnosis, and to explore added value from CEA/CA199 and MRI.

Q: How many patients were included and what examinations were performed?

Eighty-seven rectal cancer patients underwent TRUS plus MFI; 64 also had MRI and serum CEA/CA199 tests within one week.

Q: How did TRUS, MFI, CEA/CA199, and MRI perform against pathological T staging?

TRUS with MFI showed higher consistency for preoperative T staging than MRI, and combining TRUS, MRI, and CEA/CA199 produced the highest accuracy rate (90.6%).

Sep 24, 2026

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Rectal cancer is a prevalent and deadly malignancy, making accurate preoperative T staging essential for selecting appropriate treatment. This study evaluates biplane transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) combined with micro-flow imaging (MFI) for preoperative staging of rectal cancer, and examines whether adding serum markers CEA/CA199 and MRI improves diagnostic performance. Results assess concordance with pathological T staging across modalities and marker-based staging.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryHealthcare

FormatPDF

Pages12

Reading Time30 min

AccessFree to download

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Keywords

Xia et al. BMC Cancer (2023) 23:860 BMC Cancer [https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-023-11370-8](https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-023-11370-8) RESEARCH Open Access Value of biplane transrectal ultrasonography plus micro-flow imaging in preoperative T staging and rectal cancer diagnosis in combination with CEA/CA199 and MRI Qin Xia 1†, Wei Cheng 1†, Jie Bi 1, An-Ping Ren 1, Xiao Chen 1 and Tao Li 1* Abstract Background Rectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors and has a high incidence rate and fatality rate. Accurate preoperative T staging of rectal cancer is critical for the selection of appropriate rectal cancer treatment. Various pre-operative imaging methods are available, and the identification of the most accurate method for clinical use is essential for patient care. We investigated the value of biplane transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) combined with MFI in preoperative staging of rectal cancer and explored the value of combining TRUS plus MFI with CEA/CA199 and MRI. Methods A total of 87 patients from Daping Hospital with rectal cancer who underwent TRUS examination plus MFI were included. Grades of MFI were determined by Alder classification. Among the total patients, 64 underwent MRI and serum CEA/CA199 tests additionally within one week ofTRUS. Pathological results were used as the gold standard for cancer staging. Concordance rates between TRUS, MRI, and CEA/CA199 for tumors at different stages were compared. Results There were no significant differences between the Alder classification and pathological T staging. The concordance rate of TRUS and MFI for rectal cancer T staging was 72 .4%(K = 0 . 615, p < 0. 001) . Serum CEA and CA199 levels were significantly different in tumors at different stages and increased progressively by pathological stage (p < 0. 001); the accuracy rate was 71 . 88%(K = 0 . 599, p < 0. 001), while that of MRI was 51 . 56%(K = 0 . 303, p < 0. 001), indicating that TRUS had higher consistency in the preoperative T staging of rectal cancer. The combination ofTRUS, MRI, and CEA/CA199 yielded an accuracy rate of 90 . 6%, which was higher than that of any method alone. Conclusions Preoperative T staging of rectal cancer from biplaneTRUS plus MFI was highly consistent with postoperative pathological T staging. TRUS combined with MRI and serum CEA/CA199 had a greater value in the diagnosis of rectal cancer and a higher diagnostic rate than any examination alone. Keywords BiplaneTRUS, MFI, Rectal Cancer, Tumor staging, CEA, CA199, MRI, Combined †Qin Xia and Wei Cheng contributed equally to this work. *Correspondence: Tao Li[taoli39@163.com](taoli39@163.com) 1Department of Ultrasound, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400000, China © The Author(s) 2023. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit [http://creativecommons.org/l](http://creativecommons.org/l)icenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ([http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/](http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/)) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. Xia et al. BMC Cancer (2023) 23:860 Introduction Rectal cancer

FAQs

What is the main purpose of this study?

To assess the diagnostic value of biplane transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) combined with micro-flow imaging (MFI) for preoperative T staging and rectal cancer diagnosis, and to explore added value from CEA/CA199 and MRI.

How many patients were included and what examinations were performed?

Eighty-seven rectal cancer patients underwent TRUS plus MFI; 64 also had MRI and serum CEA/CA199 tests within one week.

How did TRUS, MFI, CEA/CA199, and MRI perform against pathological T staging?

TRUS with MFI showed higher consistency for preoperative T staging than MRI, and combining TRUS, MRI, and CEA/CA199 produced the highest accuracy rate (90.6%).

Sep 24, 2026

Uploaded by Chumphorn