Utility of CT Scan in Detecting Bladder Involvement Among Patients With Cervical Carcinoma

Q: Why is bladder involvement important in cervical carcinoma staging?

Bladder involvement can significantly alter treatment planning and is emphasized in the revised FIGO staging system through parametrial and pelvic sidewall assessment.

Q: How was bladder involvement assessed in the study?

Patients underwent plain CT scans and cystoscopy; bladder involvement was determined using revised FIGO staging after these assessments.

Q: What diagnostic performance did CT scans show compared with cystoscopy?

CT scans demonstrated high sensitivity (100%) but lower specificity (76.52%), with overall accuracy of 78.80% for detecting bladder involvement.

Sep 21, 2026

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Cervical cancer is a major health burden in India, and accurate FIGO staging is essential because the disease can infiltrate adjacent pelvic organs, particularly the bladder. This cross-sectional study evaluated the utility and diagnostic accuracy of plain CT scans versus cystoscopy for detecting bladder involvement in 127 newly diagnosed cervical carcinoma patients. CT reporting included tumor features and proximity to the bladder, with performance measured using sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryHealthcare

FormatPDF

Pages10

Reading Time25 min

AccessFree to download

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Introduction

Open Access Original Article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53670 Review began 11/30/2023 Review ended 01/16/2024 Published 02/05/2024 © Copyright 2024 Agrawal et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY 4.0. , which permits unrestricted use , distribution , and reproduction in any medium , provided the original author and source are credited. Utility of CT Scan in Detecting Bladder Involvement Among Patients With Cervical Carcinoma Rajni Agrawal 1 , Ritika Agarwal 1 1. Obstetrics and Gynecology, Venkateshwara Institute of Medical Science, Rajabpur, IND Corresponding author: Ritika Agarwal, [drritika4@gmail.com](drritika4@gmail.com) Abstract Background Cervical cancer is a widespread health issue in India, particularly affecting women as the second most common cancer. The burden of cervical cancer in the country necessitates accurate staging for treatment optimization. The revised International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system is vital for this purpose, emphasizing the extent of parametrial and pelvic sidewall involvement. Cervical cancer 's propensity to infiltrate neighboring pelvic organs, including the bladder, necessitates precise staging. In India, traditional methods like cystoscopy have been relied upon, but they have limitations. Recent advancements in medical imaging, notably the increased use of computed tomography (CT) scans, provide a non-invasive alternative for staging and evaluating bladder involvement. This study aimed to evaluate the utility and accuracy of CT scans in assessing bladder involvement. Methods This cross-sectional study examined 127 newly diagnosed cervical carcinoma cases in women over a twoyear period from August 2021 to July 2023. Patients underwent CT scans (plain) and cystoscopy, and bladder involvement was determined following the revised FIGO staging. Data collected comprised patient demographics, medical history, clinical symptoms, and FIGO staging. Cystoscopy was performed using an Olympus CYF-5 flexible cystoscope, and CT scans utilized a 64-slice multidetector CT scanner. Radiological reports detailed primary tumor characteristics and proximity to the bladder. Statistical analysis encompassed descriptive statistics, and calculation of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for CT scans in comparison to cystoscopy. Statistical significance was considered atp < 0.05. Results In our study, the mean participant age was 45.3 years, with 61 .4% falling in the 40-60 years age group. Socioeconomic status (SES) varied, with 37.8% classified as low SES, 48.8% as middle SES, and 13 .4% as high SES. Parity data showed that 76.4% had three or more pregnancies. Among presenting symptoms, abnormal vaginal bleeding (65 .4%) was the most prevalent, and squamous cell carcinoma (78 . 7%) was the predominant histological type. The prevalence of bladder involvement was 9.4% by cystoscopy and 30 . 7% by CT scans. CT scan demonstrated a high sensitivity (100%) but lower specificity (76 .52%), with 78.80% overall accuracy. Conclusion A combined approach, using CT scans as a screening tool and cystoscopy as a confirmatory method, could provide the most comprehensive and reliable assessment of bladder involvement in cervical carcinoma patients, ultimately contributing to improved patient care and management. Categories: Epidemiology/Public Health, Obstetrics/Gynecology, Radiology Keywords: cystoscopy, ct scan, bladder, figo staging, cervical cancer Introduction Cervical cancer is a pervasive health concern in India, where it ranks as the second most common cancer among women. According to the GLOBOCAN database for the year 2020, India witnessed an alarming 122,844 new cases of cervical cancer, with an estimated 67,477 deaths attributed to this malignancy [1] . The burden of cervical cancer in India underscores the imperative need for

FAQs

Why is bladder involvement important in cervical carcinoma staging?

Bladder involvement can significantly alter treatment planning and is emphasized in the revised FIGO staging system through parametrial and pelvic sidewall assessment.

How was bladder involvement assessed in the study?

Patients underwent plain CT scans and cystoscopy; bladder involvement was determined using revised FIGO staging after these assessments.

What diagnostic performance did CT scans show compared with cystoscopy?

CT scans demonstrated high sensitivity (100%) but lower specificity (76.52%), with overall accuracy of 78.80% for detecting bladder involvement.

Sep 21, 2026

Upload by Anda