Upregulated enhancer of rudimentary homolog promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer cell migration in lung adenocarcinoma

Sep 24, 2026

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a deadly cancer with high mortality, requiring new therapeutic targets. This study evaluates enhancer of rudimentary homolog (ERH) expression and its association with survival using public transcriptomic and proteomic databases. Bioinformatic analyses using UAB cancer data resources and The Cancer Genome Atlas show higher ERH expression in tumors than in adjacent tissue and worse patient outcomes. High ERH also correlates with aggressive cell-cycle and invasion programs, an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and ERH-interacting candidate Snrpg.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryResearch & Report

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Pages13

Reading Time33 min

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Abstract

Introduction

ERH background and rationale

Study aims and approach

Molecular Medicine rePorTS 29: 9, 2024 Upregulated enhancer of rudimentary homolog promotes epithelial‑mesenchymal transition and cancer cell migration in lung adenocarcinoma YinG‑MinG TSai1‑3 , Kuan‑li Wu1‑3 , YunG‑cHi HuanG1,3 , Yu‑Yuan Wu4 , cHao‑Yuan cHanG1,5 , YunG‑Yun cHanG2,6 , HunG‑HSinG cHianG7 , lian‑Xiu liu 1 and Jen‑Yu HunG1‑3,8 1Graduate institute of Medicine, college of Medicine; 2division of Pulmonary and critical care Medicine, 3 Kaohsiung Medical university Hospital; drug development and Value creation research center; 4School of Medicine, college of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical university; 5department of anatomy; 6division of General Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical university Hospital; 7division of Thoracic Surgery, department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical university Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical university; 8department of internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta‑Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, r.o.c. received october 14, 2022; accepted July 21, 2023 doi: 10. 3892/mmr.2023.13132 Abstract. lung adenocarcinoma (luad) is one of the deadliest cancers regarding both mortality rate and number of deaths and warrants greater effort in the development of potential therapeutic targets. The enhancer of rudimentary homolog (ERH) has been implicated in the promotion and progression of certain types of cancer. in the present study, ERH was assessed for its expression pattern and survival asso‑ ciation with luad in public transcriptomic and proteomic databases. Bioinformatic methods and data from websites, including university of alabama at Birmingham cancer data analysis Portal and The cancer Genome atlas, were utilized to demonstrate the functional behaviors and corresponding pathways of erH in luad. Human a549 and cl1‑0 cell lines were used to validate the findings via functional assays. it was demonstrated that the expression of erH, at both the transcriptomic and proteomic levels, was higher in luad compared with in adjacent non‑tumor lung tissue and was associated with worse survival prognosis . Moreover, high ERH expression was correlated with more aggressive func‑ tional states, such as cell cycle and invasion in luad, and the positive ERH‑correlated gene set was associated with worse survival and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide G was identified as a molecule that potentially interacted with ERH. lastly, it was demonstrated that erH promoted epithelial‑mesenchymal Correspondence to: Professor Jen‑Yu Hung, Graduate institute of Medicine, college of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical university Hospital, 100 Shih‑chuan 1st road, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, r.o.c. e‑mail: [jyhung@kmu.edu.tw](jyhung@kmu.edu.tw) Key words: lung adenocarcinoma, epithelial‑mesenchymal transition, migration, erH transition and cell migration in vitro, but not proliferation. in conclusion, higher expression of erH in luad may facilitate cancer progression and confer worse outcomes. Further deep investigation into the role of erH in luad is needed. Introduction lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide due to its high mortality rate (1), with lung adenocarcinoma (luad) as the most frequently occurring subtype, accounting for 38.5% of lung cancer cases (2) . efforts have been made to improve the survival outcome for patients with lung cancer, with effective measures including the implementation of lung cancer screening by low‑dose computed tomography (3), the detection of potential druggable genetic alterations by modern sequencing methods, and the invention and application of new targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors (4,5) . Although these measures have modified and improved the clinical outcomes, such as overall survival, for patients with lung cancer, ~70% of patients with lung cancer are still diagnosed at an advanced stage of disease (6) and with the prognosis falling below expectations, despite these modern strategies (7) . To improve t

FAQs

What question does the study address about ERH in lung adenocarcinoma?

It assesses ERH expression patterns in LUAD and evaluates how ERH levels relate to survival outcomes and functional cancer behaviors.

How was ERH analyzed in the study?

The study used bioinformatic methods and data from transcriptomic and proteomic public databases to characterize ERH in LUAD.

What key biological effects did ERH show in LUAD?

ERH expression was higher in LUAD than in adjacent non-tumor tissue, associated with worse prognosis, and linked to more aggressive states such as cell cycle and invasion, promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition and migration in vitro.

Sep 24, 2026

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