Tiliroside Combined with Anti-MUC1 Monoclonal Antibody as Promising Anti-Cancer Strategy in AGS Cancer Cells

Sep 24, 2026

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Specific alterations in mucin-type O-glycosylation are frequent in many cancers, including gastric cancer, affecting glycan synthesis and expression patterns such as truncated Tn/T antigens and fucosylated forms. Tiliroside, a glycosidic dietary flavonoid, has reported anti-cancer activity. This study evaluates whether anti-MUC1 combined with tiliroside modulates cancer-related factors in AGS gastric cancer cells.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryHealthcare

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Pages16

Reading Time40 min

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Abstract

Introduction

Article Tiliroside Combined with Anti-MUC1 Monoclonal Antibody as Promising Anti-Cancer Strategy in AGS Cancer Cells Iwona Radziejewska 1, *, Katarzyna Supruniuk 2, Katarzyna Jakimiuk 3, Michał Tomczyk 3, Anna Bielawska 4 and Anna Galicka 1 Citation: Radziejewska, I.; Supruniuk, K.; Jakimiuk, K.; Tomczyk, M.; Bielawska, A.; Galicka, A. Tiliroside Combined with Anti-MUC1 Monoclonal Antibody as Promising Anti-Cancer Strategy in AGS Cancer Cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 13036. [https://doi.org/](https://doi.org/)[ ](https://doi.org/)[10.3390/ijms241713036](10.3390/ijms241713036) Academic Editors: Antonio Carrillo-Vico and Ivan Cruz-Chamorro Received: 7 July 2023 Revised: 27 July 2023 Accepted: 17 August 2023 Published: 22 August 2023 Copyright: © 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) . 1 Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-222 Białystok, Poland; [anna.galicka@umb.edu.pl](anna.galicka@umb.edu.pl) 2 Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Gda ´nsk, ul. D˛ebinki 1, 80-211 Gda ´nsk, Poland; [katarzyna.supruniuk@gumed.edu.pl](katarzyna.supruniuk@gumed.edu.pl) 3 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-230 Białystok, Poland; [katarzyna.jakimiuk@umb.edu.pl](katarzyna.jakimiuk@umb.edu.pl) (K.J.); [michal.tomczyk@umb.edu.pl](michal.tomczyk@umb.edu.pl) (M.T.) 4 Department of Biotechnology, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Kili ´nskiego 1, 15-089 Białystok, Poland; [aniabiel@umb.edu.pl](aniabiel@umb.edu.pl) * Correspondence: [iwona@umb.edu.pl](iwona@umb.edu.pl); Tel.: +48-85-535-934-079 Abstract: Speciﬁc changes in mucin-type O-glycosylation are common for many cancers, including gastric ones. The most typical alterations include incomplete synthesis of glycan structures, enhanced expression of truncated O-glycans (Tn, T antigens and their sialylated forms), and overexpression offucosylation. Such altered glycans inﬂuence many cellular activities promoting cancer development. Tiliroside is a glycosidic dietary ﬂavonoid with pharmacological properties, including anti-cancer. In this study, we aim to assess the effect of the combined action of anti-MUC1 and tiliroside on some cancer-related factors in AGS gastric cancer cells. Cancer cells were treated with 40, 80, and 160 􀀖M tiliroside, 5 􀀖g/mL anti-MUC1, and ﬂavonoid together with mAb. Real-Time PCR, ELISA, and Western blotting were applied to examine MUC1 expression, speciﬁc, tumor-associated antigens, enzymes taking part in their formation, Gal-3, Akt, and NF-􀀔B. MUC1 expression was signiﬁcantly reduced by mAb action. The combined action of anti-MUC1 and tiliroside was more effective in comparison with monotherapy in the case of C1GalT1, ST3GalT1, FUT4, Gal-3, NF-􀀔B, Akt mRNAs, and Tn antigen, as well as sialyl T antigen expression. The results of our study indicate that applied combined therapy may be a promising anti-gastric cancer strategy. Keywords: tiliroside; gastric cancer; glycoforms; MUC1; TACAs 1. Introduction Gastric cancer (GC) is stated to be the ﬁfth most common cancer and the third most frequent cause of cancer deaths worldwide [1] . Surgery still remains the main treatment for early-diagnosed, operable patients. For advanced GC, new therapeutic methods are currently being studied [2] . It is reported that many natural plant-based chemical compounds possess anti-cancer properties. They are able to impair and even kill cancer cells without being toxic to healthy cells [3–5] . The main group of such compounds is polyphenols, widely distributed in

FAQs

What cancer-related glycosylation changes are highlighted as common in tumors?

The text emphasizes mucin-type O-glycosylation changes, including incomplete glycan synthesis, increased truncated O-glycans (Tn/T antigens and sialylated forms), and enhanced fucosylation-related expression.

What is the goal of combining anti-MUC1 with tiliroside in AGS cells?

The study aims to assess the combined effect on cancer-related factors in AGS gastric cancer cells, focusing on MUC1-related signaling and tumor-associated targets.

How did the combined therapy compare with monotherapy?

The combined action of anti-MUC1 and tiliroside was more effective than monotherapy for multiple targets, including C1GalT1, ST3GalT1, FUT4, Gal-3, NF-κB, Akt mRNAs, and Tn antigen, as well as sialyl T antigen expression.

Sep 24, 2026

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