The Constituents of Phyllanthus emblica Fruit Ameliorate Hyperlipidemia Through the Modulation of SREBPs, HMG-CoA Reductase, and LDL Receptor Pathway

Q: What was the main intervention studied in the hyperlipidemia model?

The study assessed dietary supplementation with antioxidant-rich Phyllanthus emblica fruit powder (PEF) in high-fat diet (HFD)–induced hyperlipidemic Wistar rats.

Q: How did PEF affect oxidative stress and lipid outcomes in HFD rats?

PEF-supplemented HFD significantly reduced oxidative stress, mesenteric fat weight, and harmful plasma lipids, and it restored antioxidant enzyme activity and HDL cholesterol.

Q: Which lipid-regulating gene expression changes were reported with PEF feeding?

PEF suppressed the HFD-mediated increase in transcript levels of SREBP-1c, SREBP-2, and HMGCR reductase, while increasing LDLR expression at the transcriptional level.

Sep 30, 2026

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Dietary supplementation with antioxidant-rich Phyllanthus emblica fruit powder (PEF) was evaluated in high-fat diet (HFD)–induced hyperlipidemic Wistar rats. In silico pharmacokinetic prediction and molecular docking were performed for multiple P. emblica bioactive compounds. Rats were allocated to control, control + PEF, HFD, and HFD + PEF groups for 8 weeks. PEF significantly reduced oxidative stress, mesenteric fat accumulation, and harmful plasma lipids while restoring antioxidant enzyme activity and HDL cholesterol. Gene expression changes included suppressed SREBP-1c, SREBP-2, and HMGCR transcripts with increased LDLR, indicating transcriptional modulation of lipid homeostasis.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryHealthcare

FormatPDF

Pages17

Reading Time43 min

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Introduction

Wiley Scientifica Volume 2025, Article ID 7941857, 17 pages [https://doi.org/10.1155/sci5/7941857](https://doi.org/10.1155/sci5/7941857) Research Article The Constituents of Phyllanthus emblica Fruit Ameliorate Hyperlipidemia Through the Modulation of SREBPs, HMG-CoA Reductase, and LDL Receptor Pathway Syed Abdul Kuddus , Md. Hasanuzzaman Shohag , Quamrul Islam Yaseen , Labiba Ahmed, Anika Tabassum Kashfa, Fatema Binte Islam, Sabrin Islam Khan, Reatul Karim , Muhammad Maqsud Hossain , Md. Ashraful Alam , and Ferdous Khan Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh Correspondence should be addressed to Ferdous Khan; [khan.ferdous@northsouth.edu](khan.ferdous@northsouth.edu) Received 16 March 2025; Revised 11 November 2025; Accepted 5 December 2025 Academic Editor: Sukhamoy Gorai Copyright © 2025 Syed Abdul Kuddus et al. Scientifca published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Tis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Te current study investigated the efects of dietary supplementation with antioxidant-rich Phyllanthus emblica fruit powder (PEF) in high-fat diet (HFD)–induced hyperlipidemic Wistar rats. In silico pharmacokinetic activity prediction and molecular docking studies were performed for several bioactive compounds of the P. emblica fruit. Wistar rats were arranged into four groups and fed one of the following four diets: standard diet (Control), 2%(w/w) PEF-supplemented standard diet (Control + PEF), HFD, and 2%(w/w) PEF-supplemented HFD (HFD + PEF) . Te treatment was continued for 8 weeks, after which theefects of PEF on oxidative stress, fat deposition, plasma lipids, and gene expression of relevant proteins were explored. Several proteins involved in lipid metabolism and homeostasis interact with bioactive phenolic compounds, such as ellagic acid, quercetin, catechin, kaempferol, and chrysin. Te presence of these compounds in the P. emblica fruit was confrmed by HPLC analysis. In vivo experiments showed that HFD-induced increased oxidative stress, mesenteric fat weight, and harmful plasma lipids were reduced signifcantly (p < 0.05) due to the feeding of PEF-supplemented HFD. On the other hand, HFD-mediated reductions in antioxidant enzyme activity and the level of HDL cholesterol were restored in rats fed with PEF. Te HFD-mediated increase in the transcript levels ofSREBP-1c, SREBP-2, and HMGCR reductase was signifcantly (p < 0.05) suppressed by feeding PEF with a parallel increase in the expression of LDLR. However, the increased expression of LXRα, PPARγ, and FABP4 was not changed by PEF feeding, although these proteins strongly interacted with several compounds of PEF. Tis study demonstrated that a PEF-supplemented diet can reduce HFD-induced hyperlipidemia by modulating the expression of SREBP-1c, SREBP-2, HMG-CoA reductase, and LDL receptor at the transcriptional level. Keywords: gene expression; hyperlipidemia; in silico; LDL cholesterol; Phyllanthus emblica 1. Introduction Apart from genetic predisposition, excessive caloric consumption relative to energy expenditure is the primary driver of body weight gain and metabolic syndrome, which can lead to hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, and many other health issues [1]. Hyperlipidemia is characterized by increased levels of total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), and lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), along with low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) [2]. Increased harmful lipid levels and reduced good cholesterol levels predispose individuals to atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, stroke, and related cardiovascular disorders [3, 4]. Currently, for the management of 2 Scientifca hyperlipidemia, synthetic molecules such as statins, fbrates, niacin, and PCSK9 inhibitors are the mos

FAQs

What was the main intervention studied in the hyperlipidemia model?

The study assessed dietary supplementation with antioxidant-rich Phyllanthus emblica fruit powder (PEF) in high-fat diet (HFD)–induced hyperlipidemic Wistar rats.

How did PEF affect oxidative stress and lipid outcomes in HFD rats?

PEF-supplemented HFD significantly reduced oxidative stress, mesenteric fat weight, and harmful plasma lipids, and it restored antioxidant enzyme activity and HDL cholesterol.

Which lipid-regulating gene expression changes were reported with PEF feeding?

PEF suppressed the HFD-mediated increase in transcript levels of SREBP-1c, SREBP-2, and HMGCR reductase, while increasing LDLR expression at the transcriptional level.

Sep 30, 2026

Uploaded by kopisore