The Clinical Significance and Involvement in Molecular Cancer Processes of Chemokine CXCL1 in Selected Tumors

Sep 21, 2026

Chemokines govern multiple stages of tumor biology, and CXCL1 serves as a well-characterized example. A complete synthesis of CXCL1’s cancer-related functions is still missing from the literature, so this work evaluates CXCL1 across bladder, glioblastoma, hemangioendothelioma, leukemias, Kaposi’s sarcoma, lung, osteosarcoma, renal, and skin cancers, including malignant melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma, as well as thyroid cancer. Focus centers on CXCL1 effects on cancer-cell proliferation, migration, EMT, and metastasis, and on tumor-linked cells such as angiogenesis, neutrophil recruitment, and immune-cell regulation.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryResearch & Report

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Pages28

Reading Time1 h 11 min

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Abstract

Introduction

CXCL1 biology and receptor signaling

Regulation of CXCL1 expression

The Involvement of CXCL1 in Cancers: A Universal Model

Review The Clinical Significance and Involvement in Molecular Cancer Processes of Chemokine CXCL1 in Selected Tumors Jan Korbecki 1,2, Mateusz Bosiacki 1, Iwona Szatkowska 3, Patrycja Kupnicka 1, Dariusz Chlubek 1 and Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka 1, * Citation: Korbecki, J.; Bosiacki, M.; Szatkowska, I.; Kupnicka, P.; Chlubek, D.; Baranowska-Bosiacka, I. The Clinical Significance and Involvement in Molecular Cancer Processes of Chemokine CXCL1 in Selected Tumors. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 4365. [https://doi.org/10.3390/](https://doi.org/10.3390/)[ ](https://doi.org/10.3390/)ijms25084365 Academic Editor: Naoko Kanda Received: 29 January 2024 Revised: 9 April 2024 Accepted: 10 April 2024 Published: 15 April 2024 Copyright: © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) . 1 Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powsta ´nców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; [jan.korbecki@onet.eu](jan.korbecki@onet.eu) (J.K.); [mateusz.bosiacki@pum.edu.pl](mateusz.bosiacki@pum.edu.pl) (M.B.); [dchubek@pum.edu.pl](dchubek@pum.edu.pl) (D.C.) 2 Department of Anatomy and Histology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Góra, Zyty 28, 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland 3 Department of Ruminants Science, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Klemensa Janickiego 29 St., 71-270 Szczecin, Poland; [iwona.szatkowska@zut.edu.pl](iwona.szatkowska@zut.edu.pl) * Correspondence: [irena.baranowska.bosiacka@pum.edu.pl](irena.baranowska.bosiacka@pum.edu.pl) Abstract: Chemokines play a key role in cancer processes, with CXCL1 being a well-studied example. Due to the lack of a complete summary of CXCL1’s role in cancer in the literature, in this study, we examine the significance of CXCL1 in various cancers such as bladder, glioblastoma, hemangioendothelioma, leukemias, Kaposi’s sarcoma, lung, osteosarcoma, renal, and skin cancers (malignant melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma), along with thyroid cancer. We focus on understanding how CXCL1 is involved in the cancer processes of these specific types of tumors. We look at how CXCL1 affects cancer cells, including their proliferation, migration, EMT, and metastasis. We also explore how CXCL1 influences other cells connected to tumors, like promoting angiogenesis, recruiting neutrophils, and affecting immune cell functions. Additionally, we discuss the clinical aspects by exploring how CXCL1 levels relate to cancer staging, lymph node metastasis, patient outcomes, chemoresistance, and radioresistance. Keywords: chemokine; CXCL1; Gro-α; MGSA; cancer; tumor 1. Introduction CXC motif chemokine ligand (CXCL)1 belongs to the α-chemokine subfamily. Alongside CXCL8/interleukin-8 (IL-8) and five other CXC chemokines, it acts as a ligand for CXC motif chemokine receptor (CXCR)2 [1] . Unlike CXCL8/IL-8, CXCL1 does not activate CXCR1 at low concentrations [2] . As such, CXCR2 stands as the principal receptor for CXCL1 . This receptor belongs to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) class, as its activation promptly triggers signal transduction via heterotrimeric G proteins [3,4] . Activation of this receptor initiates signaling cascades involving the phosphatidylinositol- 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K)–protein kinase B (PKB) pathway, phospholipase C (PLC) activation, and Ca2+ flux [4,5] . Additionally, this receptor triggers signaling pathways independent of G proteins [6], a crucial facet in cell migration induced by CXCL1 . The expression of CXCL1 is regulated at various levels. Primarily, CXCL1 expression is enhanced at the transcriptional level by various transcription fac

FAQs

What role does CXCL1 play in cancer processes according to this study?

The study emphasizes that CXCL1 influences tumor biology by affecting cancer cells and tumor-associated cells, including proliferation, migration, EMT, and metastasis, as well as angiogenesis and immune responses.

Which cancer types are covered in the compiled review?

The review surveys multiple cancers including bladder, glioblastoma, hemangioendothelioma, leukemias, Kaposi’s sarcoma, lung, osteosarcoma, renal cancer, various skin cancers (malignant melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma), and thyroid cancer.

How is CXCL1 signaling described at the receptor level?

CXCL1 is discussed as signaling primarily through CXCR2, a GPCR that triggers downstream pathways involving PI3K-PKB, PLC activation, and Ca2+ flux, with additional signaling routes relevant to cell migration.

Sep 21, 2026

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