The 15-year national trends of urinary cancers incidence among Iranian men and women; 2005–2020

Sep 21, 2026

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Urinary tract cancers, including bladder, kidney, ureter, and pelvis, remain a common malignancy with high mortality worldwide. This study assessed national prevalence and incidence trends in Iran over 2005–2020 by using ICD-10 related registry data, individual gender and age, and residence province, supplemented with national survey datasets (CASPIAN-III/IV/V and STEPs). Incidence was estimated using Poisson regression with mixed effects, revealing marked increases for bladder and kidney cancers and highlighting the need for risk-focused planning.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryResearch & Report

FormatPDF

Pages8

Reading Time20 min

AccessFree to download

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Introduction

Bladder cancer overview

Upper urinary tract cancers

Global burden data

Mousavian etal. International Journal for Equity in Health (2024) 23:13 [https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-023-02084-1](https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-023-02084-1) International Journal for Equity in Health RESEARCH Open Access The 15-year national trends of urinary cancers incidence among Iranian men and women; 2005–2020 Amir-Hossein Mousavian 1, Gita Shafiee1, Ali Sheidaei2, Narges Zargar Balajam1, Mehdi Ebrahimi3, Fatemeh Khatami4, Kimiya Gohari5, Alisam Aryan1, Ali Ghanbari-Motlagh6, Afshin Ostovar7, Seyed Mohammad Kazem Aghamir4* and Ramin Heshmat 1* Abstract Background Urinary tract cancers including bladder, kidney, ureter, and pelvis are a common malignancy worldwide with high mortality ratio. Aimed to investigate the prevalence of these cancers, we conducted this study. Methods In this study, all the information related to ICD10 codes, gender, age and province of residence of individuals were obtained from the data of Iran’s cancer registry by the Ministry of Health, Medicine and Medical Education and demographic evidence for each sub-country from the reports of Statistics Center of Iran (SCI) . Also, the data of two Iranian national survey studies CASPIAN-III, IV, and V (information related to the care and prevention of non-communicable diseases (NCD) in childhood and adolescence) and STEPs (including information on NCD in adults over 18 years old) were used. The data was analyzed using Poisson regression with mixed effects to estimate the incidence of cancers. Results Bladder and kidney neoplasm are the most common cancers ofthe urinary system in Iran. The prevalence of bladder cancer has increased from 5.82 to 11.50 per 100,000 individuals. The increasing trend is growing faster in men compared with women. The incidence of kidney neoplasm has increased over the years (2 .03 in 2005 vs. 7.02 in 2020 per 100,000) . Having a higher incidence ratio compared with bladder cancer, kidney cancer is responsible for 35. 06% of all urinary cancers in 2020 compared with 23. 71% in 2005. Both neoplasms ofthe ureter and renal pelvis were recorded rarely and with lower incidence in both sexes during this period. Conclusion Considering the increasing trend in the incidence of urinary neoplasms in Iran during these years, the advantage of focusing on the risk of urinary cancers is highlighted. Therefore, investigating the prevalence and incidence of urinary cancers to plan and manage these cancers will result in prevention and reduction of the disease * Ramin Heshmat and Seyed Mohammad Kazem Aghamir equally contributed as corresponding authors *Correspondence: Seyed Mohammad Kazem Aghamir [mkaghamir@tums.ac.ir](mkaghamir@tums.ac.ir) Ramin Heshmat[rheshmat@tums.ac.ir](rheshmat@tums.ac.ir) Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © The Author(s) 2024. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The)[. The](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The)[ ](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The)Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ([http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/](http://creativecommons.org/publi

FAQs

What urinary tract cancers are included in the analysis?

The study covers urinary tract cancers including bladder, kidney, ureter, and pelvis, assessing their prevalence and incidence trends across the period studied.

How were incidence data and demographic variables obtained?

Data were derived from Iran’s cancer registry using ICD-10 codes, along with information on gender, age, and province of residence, complemented by national survey datasets from Iran’s Statistics Center.

What were the main findings about trends from 2005 to 2020?

Bladder and kidney neoplasms were the most common urinary cancers in Iran, with bladder cancer prevalence increasing from 5.82 to 11.50 per 100,000 and kidney neoplasm incidence rising substantially by 2020; the increasing pattern was faster in men than women.

Sep 21, 2026

Uploaded by Logic