Second Neoplasms in Italian Patients with Hairy Cell Leukemia after Treatment with Cladribine - A Multicenter Investigation and Literature Review

Sep 21, 2026

The study investigates the incidence and characteristics of second neoplasms in Italian patients diagnosed with hairy cell leukemia and treated with cladribine, integrating multicenter evidence with a literature review. It addresses how immunosuppression, the high rate of cure, and patient aging may contribute to the development of subsequent cancers after therapy. The work aims to clarify epidemiology and possible pathogenesis mechanisms guiding risk understanding and follow-up considerations.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryHealthcare

FormatPDF

Pages10

Reading Time25 min

AccessFree to download

Second Neoplasms After Cladribine Treatment

Objectives and Rationale

Multicenter Investigation

Literature Review

cancers Article Second Neoplasms in Italian Patients with Hairy Cell Leukemia after Treatment with Cladribine: A Multicenter Investigation and Literature Review Marianna Criscuolo 1, Maria Elena Tosti 2, Alessandro Broccoli 3,4, Marzia Varettoni 5, Alessio Maria Edoardo Maraglino 6, Antonella Anastasia 7, Maria Cantonetti 8, Livio Trentin 9, Sofia Kovalchuk 10, Lorella Orsucci 11, Marina Deodato 12, Angelica Spolzino 13,14, Stefano Volpetti 15, Ombretta Annibali 16, Sergio Storti 17, Caterina Stelitano 18, Francesco Marchesi 19, Sonia Morè 20, Luana Fianchi 1, Brunangelo Falini 21, Alessandro Pulsoni 22, Enrico Tiacci 21, Pier Luigi Zinzani 3,4 and Livio Pagano 1,23, * Citation: Criscuolo, M.; Tosti, M.E.; Broccoli, A.; Varettoni, M.; Maraglino, A.M.E.; Anastasia, A.; Cantonetti, M.; Trentin, L.; Kovalchuk, S.; Orsucci, L.; et al. Second Neoplasms in Italian Patients with Hairy Cell Leukemia after Treatment with Cladribine: AMulticenter Investigation and Literature Review. Cancers 2024, 16, 1475. [https://doi.org/10.3390/](https://doi.org/10.3390/)[ ](https://doi.org/10.3390/)cancers16081475 Academic Editor: Daniel A. Vallera Received: 7 March 2024 Revised: 5 April 2024 Accepted: 9 April 2024 Published: 11 April 2024 Copyright: © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) . 1 Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; [marianna.criscuolo@policlinicogemelli.it](marianna.criscuolo@policlinicogemelli.it) (M.C.); [luana.fianchi@policlinicogemelli.it](luana.fianchi@policlinicogemelli.it) (L.F.) 2 Istituto Superiore Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; mariaelena.tosti@iss.it 3 IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia “Seràgnoli”, 40138 Bologna, Italy; [alessandro.broccoli6@unibo.it](alessandro.broccoli6@unibo.it) (A.B.); [pierluigi.zinzani@unibo.it](pierluigi.zinzani@unibo.it) (P.L.Z.) 4 Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy 5 Divisione di Ematologia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy; [m.varettoni@smatteo.pv.it](m.varettoni@smatteo.pv.it) 6 Oncohematology Division, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; [alessiomariaedoardo.maraglino@ieo.it](alessiomariaedoardo.maraglino@ieo.it) 7 Department of Hematology, ASST Spedali Civili, 25123 Brescia, Italy; [antonella.anastasia@gmail.com](antonella.anastasia@gmail.com) 8 Dipartimento di Oncoematologia Policlinico Tor Vergata, Università Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; [cantonet@uniroma2.it](cantonet@uniroma2.it) 9 Division of Haematology and Clinical Immunology, University of Padova, 35137 Padua, Italy; [livio.trentin@unipd.it](livio.trentin@unipd.it) 10 SOD C Ematologia, AOU Careggi, 50134 Firenze, Italy; [to.sofia@mail.ru](to.sofia@mail.ru) [11](11 S.C. Ematologia)[ S.C. Ematologia](11 S.C. Ematologia), [A.O.U. Citt](A.O.U. Citt)à della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy; [lorsucci@cittadellasalute.to.it](lorsucci@cittadellasalute.to.it) 12 Divisione di Ematologia, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, 20162 Milan, Italy; [marina.deodato@ospedaleniguarda.it](marina.deodato@ospedaleniguarda.it) 13 Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy; [angelica.spolzino@hotmail.it](angelica.spolzino@hotmail.it) 14 Oncoematologia, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV-IRCSS, 31033 Castelfranco Veneto, Italy 15 Clinica Ematologia, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata, 33100 Udine, Italy; stefano.volpetti@asuiud.sanita.fvg.it

FAQs

What is the document’s main focus?

It focuses on second neoplasms developing in Italian patients with hairy cell leukemia after cladribine treatment, supported by a multicenter investigation and a literature review.

Why might second cancers occur after cladribine in these patients?

The document highlights potential roles of immunosuppression, a high cure rate, and aging in the pathogenesis of second cancers after HCL.

What approach does the study use to evaluate second neoplasms?

It combines data from multiple centers in Italy with an accompanying review of existing literature to contextualize findings and interpretations.

Sep 21, 2026

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