Safety and efficacy of autologous bone marrow aspirate concentrate injection for idiopathic male infertility: A comparative study

Q: How was efficacy assessed?

Efficacy was assessed using semen analysis to evaluate changes in sperm count and motility across the treatment groups over the follow-up period.

Q: What were the key results for sperm count and motility?

At six months, sperm count showed significant improvement in the BMAC group, and motility grade improved significantly only in the BMAC group, while other groups showed no notable changes.

Sep 30, 2026

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Background evidence for bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) in human azoospermia remains limited, but it supports evaluation of mesenchymal stem cell–based therapy for male infertility. This study aimed to assess safety and efficacy of autologous BMAC injected into the human testis for men with severe oligospermia or azoospermia, compared with standard pharmacotherapy and lifestyle modifications, over a 6-month follow-up using semen analysis endpoints.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryHealthcare

FormatPDF

Pages11

Reading Time28 min

AccessFree to download

Abstract

Background

Aim

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Citation

| W | J | E | M | World Journal of
Experimental Medicine | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | Submit a Manuscript: [https://www.f6publishing.com](https://www.f6publishing.com) World J Exp Med 2025 September 20; 15(3): 107323 DOI: 10.5493/wjem.v15.i3.107323 ISSN 2220-315x (online) ORIGINAL ARTICLE Observational Study Safety and efficacy of autologous bone marrow aspirate concentrate injection for idiopathic male infertility: A comparative study Ravi Velamoor Rangarajan, Avinash Gandi Devadas, Dhossaradhan Jayakumar Padmanapan, Naveen Jeyaraman, Swaminathan Ramasubramanian, Arulkumar Nallakumarasamy, Sathish Muthu, Madhan Jeyaraman Specialty type: Medicine, research and experimental Provenance and peer review: Invited article; Externally peer reviewed. Peer-review model: Single blind Peer-review report’s classification Scientific Quality: Grade C Novelty: Grade B Creativity or Innovation: Grade B Scientific Significance: Grade C P-Reviewer: Zhang H Received: March 21, 2025 Revised: March 29, 2025 Accepted: April 21, 2025 Published online: September 20, 2025 Processing time: 145 Days and 3.1 Hours Ravi Velamoor Rangarajan, Avinash Gandi Devadas, Dhossaradhan Jayakumar Padmanapan, Naveen Jeyaraman, Swaminathan Ramasubramanian, Arulkumar Nallakumarasamy, Sathish Muthu, Madhan Jeyaraman, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Mother Cell Regenerative Centre, Tiruchirappalli 620017, Tamil Nadu, India Corresponding author: Madhan Jeyaraman, MS, PhD, Assistant Professor, Research Associate, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Mother Cell Regenerative Centre, Vayalur, Tiruchirappalli 620017, Tamil Nadu, [India.](India. madhanjeyaraman@gmail.com)[ madhanjeyaraman@gmail.com](India. madhanjeyaraman@gmail.com) Abstract BACKGROUND Although limited clinical evidence exists, such as case reports of azoospermia treatment in humans using bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) injection, these findings provide a compelling foundation for exploring mesenchymal stem cell therapy in male infertility. AIM To evaluate the safety and efficacy of autologous BMAC injection into human testis for men with severe oligospermia or azoospermia over the existing standard of care pharmacotherapy and lifestyle modifications. METHODS We included patients diagnosed with male infertility of the age group between 35–45 years in this trial comparing BMAC injection therapy with pharmacotherapy and lifestyle modifications over a 6-month follow-up period. Semen analysis was used to evaluate the efficacy of the interventions analyzed. RESULTS We enrolled 30 patients in the trial with 10 patients in each arm of the trial. Compared to the baseline, neither the BMAC group (P = 0.139) or pharmacotherapy group (P = 0.056) nor the lifestyle modification group (P = 0.112) demonstrated a statistically significant increase in sperm count at 6 months. However, the BMAC group demonstrated a significant increase in sperm count (mean 19.2 million; P = 0.001) compared to the pharmacotherapy group (mean 3.5 million) and lifestyle modification group (mean 2.2 million) at 6 months. WJEM [https://www.wjgnet.com](https://www.wjgnet.com) 1 September 20, 2025 Volume 15 Issue 3 Rangarajan RV et al. BMAC for idiopathic male infertility Significant improvement was noted in the motility grade (P < 0.001) only in the BMAC group while no changes were noted in the other groups. CONCLUSION This trial highlights the potential of autologous BMAC as a promising therapeutic option for male infertility. Despite the absence of significant changes within individual treatment arms, BMAC therapy demonstrated superior efficacy in improving both sperm count and motility compared to standard pharmacotherapy and lifestyle modifications. These findings underscore the potential role of regenerative medicine in addressing severe oligospermia and azoospermia, warranting further research to solidify its clinical applicability. Key Words: Bon

FAQs

What was the aim of this study?

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of autologous BMAC injection into the testis for men with severe oligospermia or azoospermia, compared with pharmacotherapy and lifestyle modifications over six months.

How was efficacy assessed?

Efficacy was assessed using semen analysis to evaluate changes in sperm count and motility across the treatment groups over the follow-up period.

What were the key results for sperm count and motility?

At six months, sperm count showed significant improvement in the BMAC group, and motility grade improved significantly only in the BMAC group, while other groups showed no notable changes.

Sep 30, 2026

Uploaded by SANS