Psychoeducational Needs of Sundanese Indonesian Family Caregivers Caring for Persons with Schizophrenia During the Maintenance Phase - A Descriptive Qualitative Study

Sep 28, 2026

Uploaded by dabgoudw

Family caregivers of people with schizophrenia often experience sustained stress, negative caregiving experiences, and limited preparation, while culturally specific psychoeducational needs in Indonesia’s Sundanese community remain underexplored. This descriptive qualitative study explored those psychoeducational needs for caregivers supporting individuals during the maintenance phase. Purposively sampled caregivers from Soreang District (n=20) participated in semi-structured interviews, analyzed via inductive content analysis. Results identified seven key content and delivery needs, including culturally tailored approaches, shared roles with healthcare professionals, suitable timing, direct delivery, and accessible locations.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryHealthcare

FormatPDF

Pages14

Reading Time35 min

AccessFree to download

Introduction

Schizophrenia phases and burden

Caregiving challenges and need for culturally adapted psychoeducation

Patients and Methods

Study design and sampling

Data collection and analysis

Results

Key psychoeducational need categories

Conclusion

Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare Open Access Full Text Article ORIGINAL RESEARCH Psychoeducational Needs of Sundanese Indonesian Family Caregivers Caring for Persons with Schizophrenia During the Maintenance Phase: A Descriptive Qualitative Study Imas Rafiyah 1 , 2 , Suryani Suryani 1, Laili Rahayuwati 3, Wandee Suttharangsee4, Nur Oktavia Hidayati 1 1Department of Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia; 2Doctoral Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia; 3Department of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia; 4Education and Innovative Learning Academy, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, Thailand Correspondence: Imas Rafiyah, Department of Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl Raya Ir. Soekarno Km 21, Jatinangor, Sumedang, West Java, 45363, Indonesia, Tel +62 81280050455, Fax +62 22 7795596, [Email imas.rafiyah@unpad.ac.id](Email imas.rafiyah@unpad.ac.id) | Introduction: Family caregivers of persons with schizophrenia often face significant challenges, including stress and negative caregiving experiences. Psychoeducation is an effective nursing intervention to support caregivers, yet the specific needs of Sundanese family caregivers in Indonesia remain unexplored.
Purpose: This study aimed to explore the psychoeducational needs of Sundanese Indonesian family caregivers caring for Persons with schizophrenia during the maintenance phase.
Patients and Methods: A descriptive qualitative design was employed. Participants were purposively sampled from family caregivers in Soreang District, Bandung Regency, until data saturation was reached (n=20) . Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and data were analyzed using inductive content analysis.
Results: Seven key main categories emerged: 1) the required psychoeducational content; 2) psychoeducation delivered by healthcare professionals in collaboration with community leaders; 3) the recipients of psychoeducation involve the primary decision-makers within the family; 4) psychoeducation is administered directly; 5) books as a medium for psychoeducation; 6) appropriate timing for implementing psychoeducation; and 7) accessible locations for carrying out the psychoeducation.
Conclusion: The findings highlight culturally tailored psychoeducational needs for Sundanese caregivers, emphasizing the importance of involving community leaders and family structures. These insights can inform mental health programs to reduce caregiver burden and improve outcomes for persons with schizophrenia.
Keywords: maintenance phase, psychoeducational needs, Sundanese family caregivers, schizophrenia | | --- | | Introduction
Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental disorder characterized by a constellation of symptoms, including positive symptoms (eg, hallucinations, delusions) and negative symptoms (eg, social withdrawal, affective flattening) that significantly impair daily functioning.1 The disorder typically progresses through several phases, including acute, stabilization, maintenance, and relapse phases, with the maintenance phase being particularly critical for preventing symptom recurrence and promoting recovery. Globally, schizophrenia affects approximately 20 million people, representing a substantial public health burden across diverse populations. In Indonesia specifically, epidemiological data reveals a troubling increase in prevalence rates from 1.7 per 1000 population in 2013 to 6.7 per 1000 in 2018, indicating a growing mental health challenge.2,3 | Received: 4 January 2025 Accepted: 30 November 2025 Published: 30 December 2025 Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare 2025:18 8351–8364 8351 © 2025 Rafiyah et al. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available a

FAQs

What is the main focus of the study?

The study explores psychoeducational needs of Sundanese Indonesian family caregivers caring for persons with schizophrenia during the maintenance phase.

How was the study conducted?

A descriptive qualitative design was used, with purposively sampled caregivers (n=20) who took part in semi-structured interviews analyzed using inductive content analysis.

What categories of psychoeducational needs were identified?

Seven main categories were found, including required psychoeducational content, delivery by healthcare professionals in collaboration with community leaders, recipient involvement of primary decision-makers, direct administration, use of books, appropriate implementation timing, and accessible locations.

Sep 28, 2026

Uploaded by dabgoudw