Prognostic significance of cyclin-dependent kinase subunit 2 (CKS2) in malignant tumours - A meta-analysis and bioinformatic analysis

Q: What was the main objective of the study regarding CKS2?

To clarify how cyclin-dependent kinase subunit 2 (CKS2) expression relates to patient prognosis across various cancers and how it connects with clinicopathological characteristics.

Q: How were studies selected for the meta-analysis?

Cohort or case–control studies reporting prognostic outcomes (HRs and 95% CIs or extractable Kaplan–Meier curves) for overall survival, with malignancy confirmed pathologically and sample size ≥20, were included; reviews, commentaries, case reports, and other excluded categories were omitted.

Q: What did the study find about CKS2 expression and overall survival?

High CKS2 expression was significantly associated with reduced overall survival in the included analyses, with the reported pooled HR indicating a worse prognosis for patients showing higher CKS2 levels.

Sep 21, 2026

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Objectives: Systematically elucidate the prognostic significance of cyclin-dependent kinase subunit 2 (CKS2) expression across cancers and its association with clinicopathological features. Methods: Meta-analysis and bioinformatic analysis. Articles were searched in multiple databases and meta-analysed using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols; UCSC Xena tools and TCGA data were used to validate prognosis. Results: 13 retrospective studies (1348 cases, 10 cancer types) showed high CKS2 expression predicted worse overall survival and related adverse clinicopathological characteristics. Conclusions: Elevated CKS2 is linked to poor prognosis in some malignant tumours and may serve as a prognostic biomarker.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryResearch & Report

FormatPDF

Pages9

Reading Time23 min

AccessFree to download

Abstract

Objectives

Methods

Data sources and eligibility criteria

Data extraction and synthesis

Results

Conclusions

Introduction

Open access Original research Prognostic significance of cyclin dependent kinase subunit 2 (CKS2) in malignant tumours: a meta-analysis and bioinformatic analysis Yi Zhang ,1 Zheng Li,1 Ying Huang,2 Bingwen Zou,1 Yong Xu1 To cite: Zhang Y, Li Z, Huang Y, et al. Prognostic significance of cyclin-dependent kinase subunit 2 (CKS2) in malignant tumours: a metaanalysis and bioinformatic analysis. BMJ Open 2024;14:e073887 . doi:10 . 1136/ bmjopen-2023-073887 ► Prepublication history and additional supplemental material for this paper are available online. To view these files, please visit the journal online ([https://doi.org/10.1136/](https://doi.org/10.1136/)[ ](https://doi.org/10.1136/)[bmjopen-2023-073887](bmjopen-2023-073887)) . Received 22 March 2023 Accepted 16 January 2024 © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Thoracic Oncology, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China 2College of Management, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan, China Correspondence to Professor Bingwen Zou; zoubingwen81@163.com and Dr Yong Xu; [xy868996@163.com](xy868996@163.com) ABSTRACT Objectives This study aimed to systematically elucidate the prognostic significance of cyclin-dependent kinasesubunit 2 (CKS2) expression in various cancers and its correlation with their clinicopathological characteristics. Design In this meta-analysis and bioinformatic analysis, articles were identified through searches of multiple databases and meta-analysed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols. Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas were examined using UCSC Xena tools to further confirm the prognostic effect of CKS2 . Data sources The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases were searched for articles published from their inception to 1 January 2023, using a combination of subject terms and free words, including‘CKS2’,‘cancer’,‘tumor’,‘neoplasm’,‘carcinoma’,‘malignancy’ and ‘prognosis’. Eligibility criteria The analysis included cohort or case–control studies, reported in English, with malignancy diagnoses confirmed by pathological methods, available HRs and 95% CIs for overall survival (OS) or extractable Kaplan-Meier curves, and a sample size of ≥20 patients. Reviews, commentaries, letters, conference reports, case reports, in vitro and animal studies, studies of CKS2 gene variants, studies with sample cases from public databasesand studies with unavailable survival or duplicated data were excluded. Data extraction and synthesis Two researchers independently screened the articles, extracted the data and evaluated the quality of included studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Meta-analysis and bioinformatic analyses were performed using the STATA and R software, respectively. Results The analysis included 13 retrospective studies encompassing 1348 cases across 10 cancer types. Nine studies involving 1124 patients examined the correlation between CKS2 expression levels and OS. A fixed-effects model analysis revealed a significant association between high CKS2 expression and reduced OS (HR=2.27, 95% CI=1 .87 to 2 .77, p<0 .001) . Furthermore, high CKS2 expression was significantly associated with advanced tumour stage (relative risk (RR) = 1.82, 95% CI=1 .57 to 2 . 11, p<0 .001), lymph node metastasis (RR=1 .68, 95% CI=1 .38 to 2 .04, p<0 .001), larger tumour size (RR=1 .60, 95% CI=1 .27 to 2 .03, p<0 .001) and lower differentiation grade (RR=1 .57, 95% CI=1 .29 to 1.90, STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS OF THIS STUDY ⇒ Including a bioinformatic analysis alongside a traditional meta-analysis enabled a robust evaluation of CKS2’s prognostic value in various cancers. ⇒ This study was limited by the retrospective nature of the included studies, which might introduce biases and lim

FAQs

What was the main objective of the study regarding CKS2?

To clarify how cyclin-dependent kinase subunit 2 (CKS2) expression relates to patient prognosis across various cancers and how it connects with clinicopathological characteristics.

How were studies selected for the meta-analysis?

Cohort or case–control studies reporting prognostic outcomes (HRs and 95% CIs or extractable Kaplan–Meier curves) for overall survival, with malignancy confirmed pathologically and sample size ≥20, were included; reviews, commentaries, case reports, and other excluded categories were omitted.

What did the study find about CKS2 expression and overall survival?

High CKS2 expression was significantly associated with reduced overall survival in the included analyses, with the reported pooled HR indicating a worse prognosis for patients showing higher CKS2 levels.

Sep 21, 2026

Uploaded by Logic