PISA - A Review of International Large-Scale Assessments in Education - Assessing Component Skills and Collecting Contextual Data

Oct 4, 2026

PISA reviews international large-scale assessments in education, focusing on assessing component skills and collecting contextual data to support understanding of learning outcomes. The publication frames the need for access plus learning and emphasizes quality, inclusive and equitable education, and lifelong learning. It situates assessment work within global education initiatives, including Education for All, the Dakar Framework for Action, the MDGs, and the SDGs, highlighting persistent concerns about students’ ability to read, write, and count.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryResearch & Report

FormatPDF

Pages244

Reading Time10 h 15 min

AccessFree to download

Foreword

Access to education and the shift to learning quality

Global education goals and persistent learning gaps

PISA A Review of International Large-Scale Assessmentsin Education ASSESSING COMPONENT SKILLS AND COLLECTING CONTEXTUAL DATA FOR DEVELOPMENT Programme for International Student Assessment PISA A Review of International Large-Scale Assessments in Education ASSESSING COMPONENT SKILLS AND COLLECTING CONTEXTUAL DATA John Cresswell, Ursula Schwantnerand Charlotte Waters The opinions expressed and arguments employed herein are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official views of the OECD, its member countries, the World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or of the governments they represent. This document and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. Please cite this publication as: Cresswell, J., U. Schwantner and C. Waters (2015), A Review of International Large-Scale Assessments in Education: Assessing Component Skills and Collecting Contextual Data , PISA, The World Bank, Washington, D.C./OECD Publishing, Paris. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264248373-en](http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264248373-en) ISBN 978-92-64-24834-2 (print) ISBN 978-92-64-24837-3 (PDF) Series: PISA ISSN 1990-8539 (print) ISSN 1996-3777 (online) The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities. The use of such data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements in the West Bank under the terms of international law. The names of countries and territories used in this joint publication follow the practice of the OECD. Photo credits: Cover © Epicurean / iStockphoto © Ian Lishman / Juice Images / Inmagine LTD © Istockphoto / Henk Badenhorst © Steve Debenport / iStockphoto Corrigenda to OECD publications may be found on line [at:](at: www.oecd.org/about/publishing/corrigenda.htm)[ www.oecd.org/about/publishing/corrigenda.htm](at: www.oecd.org/about/publishing/corrigenda.htm). © OECD and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank 2015 . This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 IGO license (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGO) [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/igo/deed.en](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/igo/deed.en), you are free to copy and redistribute the material, provided the use is for non-commercial purposes, under the following conditions: Attribution-Please cite the work as follows: Cresswell, J., U. Schwantner and C. Waters (2015), A Review of International Large-Scale Assessments in Education: Assessing Component Skills and Collecting Contextual Data, PISA, The World Bank, Washington, D.C./OECD Publishing, Paris. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264248373-en](http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264248373-en. License:)[. License:](http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264248373-en. License:) Creative Commons Attribution CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGO. Third-party content-The OECD or the World Bank do not necessarily own each component of the content contained within the work. Therefore, neither the OECD nor the World Bank warrant that the use of any third-party owned individual component or part contained in the work will not infringe on the rights of those third parties. The risk of claims resulting from such infringement rests solely with you. If you wish to re-use a component of the work, it is your responsibility to determine whether permission is needed for that re-use and to obtain permission from the copyright owner. Examples of components can include, but are not limited to, tables, figures, or images. All requests for commercial use or queries on rights and licenses should be addressed to OECD e-mail: [rights@oecd.org](rights@oecd.org. Requests)[. Requests](rights@oecd.org. Requests) for permission to ph

FAQs

What is the main focus of this PISA review publication?

It focuses on assessing component skills and collecting contextual data within international large-scale education assessments to better understand learning outcomes.

Why does the foreword emphasize a shift from access to learning?

It highlights growing concern that increased school attendance does not necessarily ensure that students achieve minimum learning standards.

Which global frameworks are referenced to contextualize the education goals?

The text references Education for All (Jomtien and related efforts), the Dakar Framework for Action, the Millennium Development Goals, and the Sustainable Development Goals.

Oct 4, 2026

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