PHYSICS EXPERIMENTS AND PROJECTS - VOLUME 2 - WAVES AND PARTICLES

Sep 30, 2026

Physics Experiments and Projects focuses on learning physics through guided student-led experiments and follow-up projects. The introduction explains how experiments can precede theory so the development of ideas arises from discussion of results, turning exercises into investigations. Each experiment targets a single concept and typically takes about 10 minutes to one hour, with class-wide simultaneous participation. Projects are intended for use after covering the related sections, prompting students to apply knowledge to real-world problems and make physics feel relevant to modern life.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryLiterature

FormatPDF

Pages122

Reading Time3 h 8 min

AccessFree to download

INTRODUCTION

How experiments lead into theory

Experiment structure and timing

Guidance and student answers

Purpose and use of projects

2.Waves and ParticlesPhysics Experimentsand ProjectsW.BoltonSenior Lecturer in Physics, High Wycombe College of Technology and ArtThe Commonwaalth and Internatlonal Librany of SclencaTechnology Engineering and Liberal Studies | DATE DUE | | | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | AR 18 | 1995 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | DEMCo 38-297 | | | | Joint Chairmen of the Honorary Editorial Advisory Board SIR ROBERT ROBINSON,O.M.,F.R.S.,LONDON DEAN ATHELSTAN SPILHAUS,MINNESOTA Publisher:ROBERT MAXWELL,M.C.,M.P. PHYSICS DIVISIONGeneral Editor:w.ASHHURST # PHYSICS EXPERIMENTS AND PROJECTS VOLUME 2.WAVES AND PARTICLES NMVY0U17员 Volume 1.PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS Volume 2.WAVES AND PARTICLES Volume 3.ATOMIC PHYSICS Volume 4. ELECTRICITY # PHYSICS EXPERIMENTSAND PROJECTS VOLUME 2.WAVES AND PARTICLES BY W.BOLTON SENIOR LECTURER IN PHYSICSHIGH WYCOMBE COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY AND ART PERGAMON PRESS OXFORD ·LONDON·EDINBURGH ·NEW YORKTORONTO ·SYDNEY·PARIS ·BRAUNSCHWEIG PERGAMON PRESS LTD.,Headington Hill Hall,Oxford4&5 Fitzroy Square,London,W.1 PERGAMON PRESS (SCOTLAND)LTD.,2&3 Teviot Place,Edinburgh 1PERGAMON PRESS INC., 44-0121st Street,Long Island City,New York 11101PERGAMON OF CANADA,LTD.,6 Adelaide Street East,Toronto,OntarioPERGAMON PRESS(AUST.)PTY.LTD.,Rushcutters Bay,Sydney,New South WalesPERGAMON PRESS S.A.R.L.,24 rue des Ecoles,Paris 5eVIEWEG&SOHN GmbH,Burgplatz 1,Braunschweig Copyright 1968 W.BoltonFirst edition 1968Library of Congress Catalog Card No.67-26683 Filmset by The European Printing Corporation Limited,Dublin,IrelandPrinted in Great Britain by A.Wheaton &CoLrd.,Exeter This book is sold subject to the conditionthat it shall not,by way of trade,be lent,resold,hired out,or otherwise disposedof without the publisher's consent,in anyform of binding or cover other than thatin which it is published. 081034113(flexicover) 082034117(hard cover) . CONTENTS INTRODUCTIONviiGUIDANCE NoTES FOR THE STUDENTixSPECIMEN PROJECTxiEXPERIMENTS 1 1.Collisions between particles 3 2.Interference of water waves53.Diffraction of water waves6 4.Standing water waves75.Interference of microwaves 8 6.Diffiraction of microwaves107.Polarization of microwaves118.Interference in thin films with microwaves139.Standing microwaves15 10.Refection andrefraction of microwaves16 11.The energy associated with waves1712.The fow of energy with particles and waves18 13.The conservation ofenergy in interference experiments2014.Young's experiment22 15.Interference in thin films with light23 16.Polarization of light25 17.Optical rotation2618.Rotation of the plane of polarization of microwaves28 19.Michelson interferometer with microwaves29 20.The diffraction of water waves with multiple slits3121.The diffraction grating33 22.The two-dimensional diffraction of water waves35 23.The three-dimensional diffraction of microwaves37 24.Refraction of waves by“atoms”39 25.The dispersion produced by a prism41 26.Spectra42 27. Oualitative spectroscopy44 28.Molecular spectra4529.Beer's law47 vi CONTENTS 495052 30.Infraredradiation 31.Distribution of energy ina continuous spectrum 32.Ultraviolet radiation33.Electron diffraction5334.Photo-electricity54 57 35.Photons and frequency 59 36.Interference with sound(1) 61 37.Interference with sound(2) 62 38.Diffraction of sound 64 39.Determination of the velocity of sound 66 40.Beats 68 41.Fourier analysis 69 42.Reflections of waves at boundaries 70 43.Lloyd's mirror with water waves 7375 PROJECTS 1.The surface of the moon 75 2.The sensitivity of the eye 3.Light guides764.Moiré fringes78 79 5.Brightness of projection screens 80 6.The effect of polarized light on insect

FAQs

How should experiments relate to theory in this book series?

Experiments are meant to precede theory, so theory develops from discussion of experimental results rather than from prior explanation.

What is the typical duration and organization of an experiment?

An experiment can take from about 10 minutes for the shortest to about one hour, with all students participating in the same experiment at the same time.

When are the projects intended to be used?

The projects are intended for use after the student has covered the section on which each project is based.

Sep 30, 2026

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