Parker Pneumatic - Fluid Power Graphic Symbols - Technical Data

Nov 1, 2026

Parker Pneumatic technical content describing pneumatic products and fluid power graphic symbols, including symbol descriptions for air preparation units, pneumatic valves, valve actuators, and cylinders. The document provides guidance on line conventions for hydraulic, gaseous flow direction, and energy-source representations, plus connector and quick-disconnect symbol usage. It also includes actuator technical information such as design torque, with definitions for demand torque, cushion torque, and key torque components (load, friction, and acceleration) using stated equations.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryTechnology

FormatPDF

Pages10

Reading Time25 min

AccessFree to download

Pneumatic Products

Fluid Power Graphic Symbols

Air Preparation Units

Pneumatic Valves and Actuator Symbols

Cylinders and Line/Connection Conventions

Actuator Technical Information (Design Torque)

Click here to view bookmarks. Catalog PDN1000-2US Parker Pneumatic Pneumatic Products Fluid Power Graphic Symbols Air Preparation Units Pneumatic Valves Symbol Description Symbol Description Filter / Separator with manual drain Filter / Separator with automatic drain Oil Removal Filter Automatic Drain Lubricator less drain Lubricator with manual drain Lubricator with automatic ﬁlling Air Line Pressure Regulator adjustable, relieving Air Line Pressure Regulator pilot controlled, relieving Filter / Regulator (piggyback) manual drain relieving (with gauge) Filter / Regulator (piggyback) auto drain relieving Air Line Combo F-R-L simpliﬁed 3-Position, 4-Way, APB ports closed, center pos. 3-Position, 4-Way, CE 5-Ported cylinder ports open to exhaust in center position 3-Position, 4-Way, PC 5-Ported pressure ports open to exhaust in center position Quick Exhaust Shuttle Valve Actuators Symbol Description Manual general symbol Push Button Lever Pedal or Treadle Mechanical cam, toggle, etc. Pneumatic Valves Symbol Description Check Flow Control Relief Valve 2-Position, 4-Way 5-Ported Spring Detent line indicates which detent is in use Piezo And / Or Composite solenoid and pilot or manual override and pilot | | | | --- | --- | 2-Position, 2-Way 2-Position, 3-Way 2-Position, 4-Way Solenoid Internal Pilot Supply Remote Pilot Supply And / Or Composite solenoid and pilot or manual override | | | | --- | --- | complete simpliﬁed Cylinders Symbol Description Standard double acting Single Acting Double Rod Spring Return Ram Type Telescope Tandum Duplex Lines and Functions Symbol Description ~~ ~~ Solid Line – Main Line ~~ ~~ Dashed Line – Pilot Line Dotted Line – Exhaust or Drain Line Center Line – Enclosure Outline Lines Crossing (90° intersection not necessary) Lines Joining (90° intersection not necessary) Lines Joining Flow Direction hydraulic medium Flow Direction gaseous medium Energy Source Line with Fixed Restriction Line with Adjustable Restriction Flexible Line Plugged Port, Test Station, Power Take-off connected disconnected connected disconnected connected disconnected Quick Disconnect Without Checks Quick Disconnect With Checks Quick Disconnect With One Check H1 Parker Hannifin Corporation Pneumatic Division Richland, Michigan [www.parker.com/pneumatics](www.parker.com/pneumatics) | Valve Technival
Information | | --- | | Vacuum Technical
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Information | | Fluid Power Graphic Symbols | | H | | Technical Data | | Valve Technival Information | | --- | | Vacuum Technical
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Graphic Symbols | | H | | Technical Data | Catalog PDN1000-2US Parker Pneumatic Pneumatic Products Actuator Technical Information Design Torque Design torque represents the maximum torque that an actuator must supply in an application. This maximum is the greater of the Demand Torque or the Cushion Torque. If the demand torque exceeds what the actuator can supply, the actuator will either move too slowly or stall. If the cushion torque is too high, the actuator may be damaged by excessive pressure. Demand torque and cushion torque are defined below in terms of load, friction, and acceleration torque. Equations for calculating demand torque and cushion torque for some general applications are provided on the following pages. T-Torque The amount of turning effort exerted by a rotary actuator. TD-Demand Torque This is the torque required from the actuator to do the job and is the sum of the load torque, friction torque, and acceleration torque, multiplied by an appropriate design factor. Design factors vary with the applications and the designers’ knowledge. Equation 4-3) TD = Ta + Tf + TL TL-Load torque This is the torque require

FAQs

What does design torque represent for a pneumatic actuator?

Design torque represents the maximum torque an actuator must supply in an application. It is the greater of the demand torque or the cushion torque, and inadequate torque can cause slow movement or stalling.

How are demand torque and cushion torque defined?

Demand torque is the torque required from the actuator to do the job, combining load, friction, and acceleration torques with an appropriate design factor. Cushion torque is the torque needed to provide required deceleration by restricting flow to create back pressure.

What is the meaning of the line types in fluid power graphic symbols?

Solid line indicates the main line, dashed line indicates the pilot line, and dotted line indicates exhaust or drain line. The conventions also include center line and enclosure outline usage.

Nov 1, 2026

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