Pan-cancer analysis revealing the multidimensional expression and prognostic and immunologic roles of TGFB1 in cancer - Journal Article

Sep 21, 2026

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An integrated pan-cancer study characterizes transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1) across diverse human malignancies by profiling expression patterns, prognostic value, genetic alterations, and immunologic roles. Bioinformatics analyses combine multiple public resources, assessing differential expression, survival associations, immune correlations, and protein interaction networks. Results show TGFB1 overexpression in several tumors, links with advanced stage and worse outcomes in specific cancers, and low mutation frequency among surveyed cases. TGFB1 expression correlates with immune infiltration and immunotherapy-related genes, supporting further investigation.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryResearch & Report

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Pages23

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Abstract

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Pan-cancer analysis revealing the multidimensional expression and prognostic and immunologic roles of TGFB1 in cancer Zhitao Chen 1, Chenchen Ding 1, Jun Chen 1,2,3 , Shusen Zheng 1 and Qiyong Li 1 Journal of International Medical Research 2024, Vol. 52(1) 1–23! The Author(s) 2024 Article reuse guidelines: [sagepub.com/journals-permissions](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)[ ](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)[DOI: 10.1177/03000605231221361](DOI: 10.1177/03000605231221361)[ ](DOI: 10.1177/03000605231221361)[journals.sagepub.com/home/imr](journals.sagepub.com/home/imr) Abstract Objective: This study aimed to perform an integrated pan-cancer analysis to characterize the expression patterns, prognostic value, genetic alterations, and immunologic roles of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1) across diverse human cancer types. Methods: Bioinformatics analyses were conducted using multiple public databases including The Cancer Genome Atlas, Genotype-Tissue Expression, Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium, TIMER2, GEPIA2, cBioPortal, StringDB, and others. Differential expression, survival, immune correlation, and protein interaction network analyses were performed. Results: TGFB1 was overexpressed in several tumor types compared with that in normal tissues. High TGFB1 expression was associated with an advanced stage and poorer prognosis in certain cancers. TGFB1 mutations occurred in 1.3% of 10,967 cases surveyed. TGFB1 expression correlated with tumor-infiltrating immune cells and immunotherapy-related genes. Conclusions: This comprehensive multi-omics analysis revealed the complex expression and prognostic landscape of TGFB1 across cancers. TGFB1 is emerging as a potential immunotherapeutic target in certain contexts. Further research should elucidate its multifaceted tumorpromoting and tumor-suppressive mechanisms. Our pan-cancer analysis provides new insights into TGFB1 as a prognostic biomarker and immunotherapeutic target in human cancers, and our findings may guide future preclinical and clinical investigations of TGFB1-directed therapies. 1 Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, China 2School of Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China 3School of Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China Corresponding author: Qiyong Li, \#848 Dongxin Road, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310000, China. Email: [liqiyong@zju.edu.cn](liqiyong@zju.edu.cn) Creative Commons Non Commercial CC BY-NC: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License ([https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages ([https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage](https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage)). Keywords Transforming growth factor beta 1, pan-cancer, gene mutation, prognosis, immunotherapeutic target, multi-omic analysis Date received: 17 August 2023; accepted: 16 November 2023 Introduction Both the incidence of cancer and cancer mortality are growing rapidly worldwide, and cancer is a leading cause of death in the 21st century and a major obstacle in improving life expectancy worldwide.1–3 In 2018, there were 18.1 million new cases and 9.6 million cancer deaths worldwide. By 2040, the global burden of cancer is expected to increase to 27.5 million new cases and 16.3 million cancer deaths, solely because of the growth of the aging population.1 Given the aging population, it is anticipated that the number of cancerrelated deaths will continue to rise both globally and in the United States, posing a significant public health burden.4 Given the subst

FAQs

What is the main goal of this pan-cancer analysis of TGFB1?

To characterize TGFB1 expression, prognostic value, genetic alterations, and immunologic roles across diverse cancer types using integrated multi-omics bioinformatics.

Which databases and analyses are used to evaluate TGFB1?

Analyses use multiple public datasets (e.g., TCGA, GTEx, CPTAC, TIMER2, GEPIA2, cBioPortal, StringDB) and include differential expression, survival, immune correlation, and protein interaction network analyses.

What key findings link TGFB1 with cancer progression and patient outcomes?

TGFB1 is overexpressed in several tumors versus normal tissues, and high TGFB1 expression is associated with advanced stage and poorer prognosis in certain cancers.

Sep 21, 2026

Uploaded by Jiven