Oncogenic microRNA-1290 and SCAI Gene as Potential Biomarker for Colorectal Carcinoma - Abstract

Sep 21, 2026

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains lethal largely because many cases are detected late, creating a clear need for early, reliable biomarkers. This study evaluated miR-1290 and the SCAI gene in newly diagnosed CRC patients and healthy controls by isolating RNA, performing reverse transcription, and quantifying expression with real-time PCR. Fold-change was calculated using the 2−ΔΔCt method with miR-16 and GAPDH for normalization. ROC analyses supported strong diagnostic performance.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryResearch & Report

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Pages11

Reading Time28 min

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Abstract

Introduction

Methodology

Results

Conclusion

Keywords

List of Abbreviations

Received / Revised / Accepted

Oncogenic microRNA-1290 and SCAI Gene as Potential Biomarker for Colorectal Carcinoma Rashida Naseem, M Phil 1,$, Samiah Shahid, PhD 1,2,$ , Wajeehah Shahid, PhD3, and Ghulam Abbas, FCPS4 Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment Volume 23: 1-11 © The Author(s) 2024 Article reuse guidelines: [sagepub.com/journals-permissions](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)[ ](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)[DOI: 10.1177/15330338241286283](DOI: 10.1177/15330338241286283)[ ](DOI: 10.1177/15330338241286283)[journals.sagepub.com/home/tct](journals.sagepub.com/home/tct) Abstract Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the world’s third most frequent cancer, with a signiﬁcant mortality rate due to late detection. There is a need to search for biomarkers that can detect colorectal cancer at an early stage. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate several targets that function as oncogenes and/or tumor suppressor genes, so any change in microRNA expression level can predict abnormality. Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the expression of miR-1290, and Suppressor of cancer cell invasion (SCAI) gene that may be used as biomarkers for early diagnosis of colorectal carcinoma. Methodology: This study included 50 subjects consisting of newly diagnosed colorectal carcinoma patients (n = 25), and healthy controls (n = 25). After RNA isolation and reverse transcription, the expression level of miR-1290 and SCAI gene in the tissues and plasma samples of CRC patients were analyzed using real time PCR and compared with healthy individuals as normal controls. The 2−ΔΔCt formula was used to compute the fold-change, while using miR-16 and GAPDH as reference genes for normalization. Results: We found that miR-1290 is upregulated, whereas SCAI gene is downregulated in both plasma and tissue samples of CRC patients. For miR-1290, the sensitivity was 96% and speciﬁcity was 100%, and for SCAI, 100% sensitivity and 88% speciﬁcity was calculated by ROC analysis. Conclusion: The expression of miR-1290 and SCAI gene may be utilized as biomarkers for diagnosis of colorectal carcinoma. Keywords colorectal cancer, carcinoma, suppressor of cancer cell invasion, miR, gene expression List of Abbreviations AUC, area under curve; CRC, colorectal cancer/carcinoma; ERB, ethical review board; FOBT, fecal occult blood testing; GAPDH, Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; HIV, human immunodeﬁciency virus; HUVECs, human umbilical vein endothelial cells; miRNAs, MicroRNAs; miR, MicroRNA; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; ROC, receiver operating curve; SCAI, Suppressor of cancer cell invasion Received: April 5, 2024; Revised: August 2, 2024; Accepted: September 5, 2024. Introduction Colorectal cancer (CRC) that affects the rectum and colon, is the third most occurring type of cancer1 and the fourth most common cancer causing death in patients.2 The global cancer data showed that it is second cancer that is most often diagnosed in women and ranks third in men.3,4 It is contributing 9.7% of worldwide cancer burden and expected to rise with one million fatalities and over two million additional cases by the year 2030. Commonly CRC remains asymptomatic until it has progressed to an advanced stage. It is unfortunate that up to 25% of patients are diagnosed at metastatic stage.5 Survival rate and prognosis of colorectal cancer depends upon the stage at which it is diagnosed, at stage I, the 5 years survival rate is 90% - 92% compared to 10% or less than 10% in stage IV, 1 Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan 2 Research Centre for Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan 3 Department of Physics, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan 4 Department of Gastroenterology, Allama Iqbal Medical college, Lahore, Pakistan $ The ﬁrst two authors have equal contribution and will be considered as ﬁrst authors Corresponding Author: Samiah Shahid, Deputy Director, Research C

FAQs

What biomarkers were evaluated for early colorectal carcinoma diagnosis?

The study evaluated miR-1290 (a microRNA) and the SCAI gene as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of colorectal carcinoma.

How were miR-1290 and SCAI expression levels measured?

RNA was isolated, reverse transcription was performed, and expression levels in tissue and plasma samples were quantified using real-time PCR.

What were the key diagnostic performance results from ROC analysis?

miR-1290 showed 96% sensitivity and 100% specificity, while SCAI showed 100% sensitivity and 88% specificity.

Sep 21, 2026

Uploaded by Riley