Occurrence and Distribution of Cancers with Emphasis Upon Oral Cancers in Registered Oncology Institutes of South India - A Retrospective Study

Sep 21, 2026

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A multicenter, retrospective analysis assessed the occurrence and distribution of oral cancer using hospital records from seven major oncology institutes in South India over three years (2016–2018). Using a validated proforma and R commander for statistical analysis, the study reported 156,090 cancer cases overall with broadly similar gender distribution. Oral malignancy records totaled 21,084, comprising 13.51% of cases, with tongue the most common site.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryResearch & Report

FormatPDF

Pages11

Reading Time28 min

AccessFree to download

Abstract

Background

Materials and Methods

Results

Conclusion

Introduction

Cancer burden and lifestyle changes

India’s incidence and risk context

Methods and Analysis (as described in Abstract)

Study design and data collection

Statistical analysis

Results (as described in Abstract)

Overall cancer distribution

Oral cancer incidence and sites

Conclusion (as described in Abstract)

Key findings

| Original Article | | --- | | | Occurrence and Distribution of Cancers with Emphasis Upon Oral Cancers in Registered Oncology Institutes of South India – A Retrospective Study P. K. Asmin, Fareed Nusrath1, Darshan D. Divakar2 Department of Public Health Dentistry, Coorg Institute of Dental Sciences, Virajpet, Karnataka, 1Department of Public Health Dentistry, KVGDCH, Sullia, Karnataka, India, 2Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Abstract Background: In the past two decades, the growing economy associated with changes in lifestyle-related behavior is partially responsible for the increasing cancer burden in India. To assess the occurrence and distribution of oral cancer based on the analysis of hospital records from registered oncology institutes of South India over a period of three years. Materials and Methods: A multicenter, retrospective study was conducted at seven major hospitals in South India to assess the incidence and distribution of cancer among patients over a period of three years (2016–2018) . Data were collected on a custom-made validated proforma. Analysis was done using R commander software. Results: Atotal of 156090 various types of cancers were reported to the included institutes over a three-year period, an almost similar gender distribution was observed, males (n = 78806, 42.99% per lakh) compared to their female counterparts (n = 77284, 42.16% per lakh). Among males’lung cancer was the most common type with 17709 cases (9.65% per lakh) and among females, breast cancer was the leading cancer type with 22855 total cases (12.46% per lakh). Over a period of three years, a total of 21084 records of malignancies pertaining to oral cavity were identified accounting for 13.51% of cases. Among oral cancers, tongue was the most common site to be involved accounting for 44.22%(2016–2018) cases followed by buccal mucosa (14.69%), least common site to be involved was lip which accounted for 3.49% of the total oral cancer cases. Conclusion: Breast cancer was the most common cancer followed by lung cancer. Oral cancers occupied second among males and fifth rank in the order of occurrence among females. Tongue was the most common site followed by buccal mucosa. The least common site affected by oral cancer was the lip. Keywords: Cancer, distribution, hospital-based, oral cancer, retrospective study, South India introduCtion Over the last 20 years, India has emerged as a fast-growing economy with improvements in lifestyle-related actions. Better health, improved life expectancy, and an increasing and aging population have all been attributed to more income, economic opportunities, and education . [1] Such global developments are often linked to negative consequences, such as increased opportunities for and exposure to poor lifestyle choices such as tobacco usage, increased intake of high-calorie foods, and reduced exercise. The overall result of these poor lifestyle choices on the growing population of the world has resulted in an increase in the burden of noncommunicable diseases such as cancer. [2] Many developing and underdeveloped countries are experiencing this trend clearly, including India. | Access this article online | | | --- | --- | | Quick Response Code:
| Website:
[www.ijcm.org.in](www.ijcm.org.in) | | | DOI:
10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_ 106_23 | Cancer is, to a large degree, a modern man’s disease, now widespread and firmly known as one of the leading causes of death worldwide.[3] The findings indicate that cancer must be controlled urgently by reducing exposure to risk factors and improving existing screening and treatment facilities, which are insufficient to handle the current burden. In India, its incidence is increasing significantly and is now the most common cause of morbidity and mortality.[4] India’s economic Address for correspondence: Dr. P. K. Asmin, Department of P

FAQs

What was the study objective regarding oral cancer?

To assess the occurrence and distribution of oral cancer by analyzing hospital records from registered oncology institutes in South India over three years.

How was the study conducted and analyzed?

A multicenter retrospective study was performed in seven major hospitals in South India. Data were collected using a validated proforma and analyzed with R commander software.

What proportion of cancer records involved the oral cavity and which site was most common?

Oral cavity malignancies accounted for 13.51% of cases (21,084 records). The tongue was the most common site, followed by buccal mucosa.

Sep 21, 2026

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