Analisis Yuridis Normatif Atas Legitimasi Pembentukan Apotek Koperasi Merah Putih Dalam Rezim Hukum Kesehatan Pasca Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023

Sep 10, 2026

This study discusses the legal legitimacy of the establishment of the Red and White Cooperative Pharmacy (AKMP) as a model of community-based pharmaceutical services under the Red and White Village/Sub-district Cooperative (KDMP) program regulated by Presidential Instruction Number 9 of 2025. The purpose is to analyze the legitimacy of AKMP’s establishment and operation within Indonesia’s health legal regime following Law No. 17 of 2023, and evaluate its alignment with Law No. 25 of 1992 on Cooperatives. Normative legal research with statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches is used, followed by qualitative normative analysis.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryResearch & Report

FormatPDF

Pages21

Reading Time53 min

AccessFree to download

Introduction

Legal Transformation in Indonesia’s National Health System

Methods

Normative Legal Research Approach

Discussion

Conditional Legal Legitimacy of AKMP

Dualism of Authority and Potential Norm Conflicts

Results and Recommendations

Joint Regulation, Integrated Licensing, and Supervision

ANALISIS YURIDIS NORMATIF ATAS LEGITIMASI PEMBENTUKANAPOTEK KOPERASI MERAH PUTIH DALAM REZIM HUKUM KESEHATAN PASCA UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 17 TAHUN 2023 I Komang KartikaYasa1, Antonius Dewanto Purnomo2 1Universitas Islam Nusantara, 2Universitas Esa Unggul [E-mail :](E-mail : bmbatamcustumer@gmail.com1)[ ](E-mail : bmbatamcustumer@gmail.com1)[bmbatamcustumer@gmail.com](E-mail : bmbatamcustumer@gmail.com1)[1](E-mail : bmbatamcustumer@gmail.com1), [antonius.dewanto@esaunggul.ac.id](antonius.dewanto@esaunggul.ac.id2)[2](antonius.dewanto@esaunggul.ac.id2) ABSTRACT This study discusses the legal legitimacy of the establishment of theRed and White Cooperative Pharmacy (AKMP) as a model of community-based pharmaceutical services under the Red and White Village/Sub-district Cooperative (KDMP) program regulated by Presidential Instruction Number 9 of 2025. The purpose of this study is to analyze the legitimacy of the establishment and operation of cooperative pharmacies within the national health legal regime following the enactment of Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health, and to assess its integration with Law Number 25 of 1992 concerning Cooperatives. The method used is normative legal research with statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. Data were obtainedfrom primary legal materials (statutory regulations), secondary (health law literature andjournals), and tertiary (legal dictionaries and official data from the Ministry ofHealth and the Ministry of Cooperatives). The analysis was conducted qualitatively normatively to assess the synchronization between legal regimes and the implications oftheir implementation on the responsibilities of the pharmacist profession and cooperatives as legal entities. The results of the study indicate that pharmacies, according to Law 17/2023, are pharmaceutical service facilities (FPK) that are required to have an operational permit and are under the responsibility of a responsible pharmacist (APA). Meanwhile, cooperatives, according to Law 25/1992, are legal entities of the people's economy that can manage business units, including in the health sector, as long as they do not conflict with special laws (lex specialis). Therefore, the establishment of AKMP only has conditional legal legitimacy, namely if it obtains two layers ofpermits: (1) a cooperative legal entity permit from the Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEsand (2) a pharmaceutical facility operational permit from the Ministry of Health. Without this operational permit, cooperative pharmacies are only legally legitimate economically but not legally legitimate in health matters. This study also found a dualism of authority and potential disharmony of norms between the Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs and the Ministry of Health. To achieve full legitimacy, a joint regulation between ministries is needed that regulates integrated governance, licensing, and supervision. A dual permit system and the establishment of a joint supervisory unit are recommended as legal solutions to ensure patient protection, legal certainty for pharmacists, and the sustainability of village cooperatives as partners in national health development.. Keywords: Pharmacy, Red and White Cooperative, Legal Legitimacy, Health Law 17/2023, Pharmacists, Health Legal Regime. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini membahas legitimasi yuridis pembentukan Apotek Koperasi Merah Putih (AKMP) sebagai model pelayanan kefarmasian berbasis komunitas di bawah program Koperasi Desa/Kelurahan Merah Putih (KDMP) yang diatur melalui Instruksi Presiden Nomor 9 Tahun 2025. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis keabsahan pendirian dan penyelenggaraan apotek koperasi dalam rezim hukum kesehatan nasional pasca berlakunya Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan, serta menilai keterpaduannyadengan Undang-Undang Nomor 25 Tahun 1992 tentang Perkoperasian. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan statute, conceptual, dan comparative. Data diperoleh

FAQs

What is the main legal focus of this study?

The study examines the legal legitimacy of establishing and operating the Red and White Cooperative Pharmacy (AKMP) as a community-based pharmaceutical service model within the health law regime after Law No. 17 of 2023.

How does the study assess legitimacy of AKMP in relation to health and cooperative laws?

Legitimacy is assessed by analyzing synchronization between the health legal regime under Law No. 17 of 2023 and the cooperative legal framework under Law No. 25 of 1992, including whether AKMP conflicts with the lex specialis principle.

What legal requirements are recommended to achieve full legitimacy for cooperative pharmacies?

The study recommends joint regulation between ministries to implement integrated governance, licensing, and supervision, including a dual permit system and establishment of a joint supervisory unit to ensure patient protection and legal certainty for pharmacists.

Sep 10, 2026

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