Morphology and Immunophenotypes of Canine Lymphomas - A Survey from the Service of Animal Pathology, University of São Paulo, Brazil

Sep 8, 2026

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Lymphoma is described as a malignant clonal expansion of lymphoid cells and one of the most common hematopoietic neoplasms in dogs. A survey was conducted on canine lymphomas diagnosed at the Service of Animal Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, covering 1995–2009. Cases were classified using the updated Kiel system and immunostained for CD3 and CD79a to define T- or B-cell origin, with mitotic figures counted in 10 microscopic fields.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryResearch & Report

FormatPDF

Pages8

Reading Time20 min

AccessFree to download

Abstract

Study purpose and methods

Classification and immunophenotyping

Key findings and distributions

Introduction

Background and epidemiology

Anatomic and histopathological classification

Kimura et al; Morphology and Immunophenotypes of Canine Lymphomas: a Survey from the Service of School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Brazil. Braz J Vet Pathol, 2011, 4(3), 199-206. Animal Pathology, 199 Original Full Paper Morphology and Immunophenotypes of Canine Lymphomas: a Survey from the Service of Animal Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Brazil Kátia C. Kimura 1, Danielle A. Zanini 1, Adriana T. Nishiya3, Ricardo A. Dias 2, Maria L. Z. Dagli 1 1Departamento da Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo (FMVZ-USP), São Paulo, Brazil 2Departamento da Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, FMVZ-USP, São Paulo, Brazil 3Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia de Pequenos Animais, Anhembi Morumbi, São Paulo, Brazil Corresponding Author: Katia C. Kimura, Departamento da Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia-Universidade de São Paulo – FMVZ-USP. Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87. CEP 05508-900-São Paulo, SP-Brazil. [E-mail:](E-mail: katiackimura@yahoo.com.br)[ ](E-mail: katiackimura@yahoo.com.br)[katiackimura@yahoo.com.br](E-mail: katiackimura@yahoo.com.br) Submitted August 17th 2011, Accepted October 17th 2011 Abstract Lymphoma is a malignant clonal expansion of lymphoid cells, and is reported to be one of the most common hematopoietic neoplasms in dogs. The purpose of this study was to perform a survey of lymphomas diagnosed at the Service of Animal Pathology of the School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Brazil, from 1995 to 2009, and determine their morphological subtypes and immunophenotypes. Breed, age and gender were recorded. The canine lymphomas were classified according to the updated Kiel classification, and all the cases were submitted to immunostaining for CD3 and CD79a antibodies to reveal their T or B origin, respectively. In addition, mitotic figures were counted in all samples, in 10 microscopic fields. Mixed breed dogs were the most affected breed (43%), followed by Boxer (14%), German Shepherd (11%), Brazilian terrier (3%), Poodle (3%) and Rottweiler (3%) . Other breeds were represented at a rate below 1% . Among the 65 cases of lymphomas, 30 cases were found in females and 35 in males. The mean age was 8.7 years with a range of 5 months to 15 years. The most frequent localization was multicentric lymphadenopathy (37%), followed by extranodal (23%), cutaneous (20%), alimentary tract (18%) and mediastinal site (2%) . From 65 canine lymphomas, 55 (85%) had T-cell origin and 10 (15%) had B-cell origin. Among mitotic index, 51%(n=33) of T-cell origin had high mitotic index, 34%(n=22) had a low mitotic index; 9%(n=6) of B-cell origin had high mitotic index and 6%(n=4) had low mitotic index. The most common subtypes were pleomorphic small cell and centroblastic polymorphic type for T-cell lymphoma and B-cell lymphoma, respectively. The 55 T-cell lymphomas were subtyped as: 19 (34%) of pleomorphic small cell, 11 (20%) of cutaneous T cell, high grade, 10 (18%) of lymphoblastic, 4 (7%) of aggressive large granular cell, 3 (5%) of pleomorphic mixed, 2 (4%) of cutaneous T cell, low grade, 2 (4%) of pleomorphic large cell, 2 (4%) of plasmacytoid, 1 (2%) of immunoblastic and 1 (2%) of prolymphocytic. The 10 B-cell lymphomas were subtyped as: 3 (30%) of centroblastic polymorphic, 2 (20%) of Burkitt, 2 (20%) of lymphoplasmacytic, 1 (10%) of anaplastic/mediastinal, 1 (10%) of small lymphocytic and 1 (10%) of prolymphocytic. Our results are in accordance with other studies which state that T-cell lymphomas are the most common in dogs. The possible factors that contribute to the development of lymphomas in dogs remain unknown. Key Words: canine, lymphoma, immunophenotyping, updated Kiel, histological types [Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Pathology.](Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Pathology. www.bjvp.

FAQs

What was the study’s purpose and time range?

The study aimed to survey lymphomas diagnosed at the University of São Paulo’s Service of Animal Pathology. The review covered diagnoses from 1995 to 2009 and assessed morphology, subtypes, and immunophenotypes.

How were canine lymphomas classified and how was T- vs B-cell origin determined?

Tumor cases were classified according to the updated Kiel classification. Immunostaining used CD3 and CD79a antibodies to reveal T-cell versus B-cell origin.

What proportion of cases showed T-cell versus B-cell origin?

Among 65 canine lymphoma cases, 55 (85%) had T-cell origin and 10 (15%) had B-cell origin.

Sep 8, 2026

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