Mongolia Sustainable Development - Towards Sustainable Management of Natural and Built Capital for a Greener, Diversified, and Resilient Economy

Jul 19, 2026

A policy and investment framework for transforming Mongolia’s economy through sustainable management of natural and built capital. It addresses growth, resilience, and competitiveness while targeting key constraints in agriculture, natural resource use, water security, and air quality. The agenda includes sustainable water supply and sanitation, livable and resilient urbanization, climate-smart infrastructure, reliable energy supply, and digital development. It also emphasizes implementation capacity and enforcement to realize Mongolia’s Sustainable Development Vision goals amid COVID-19 and climate-driven disaster risks.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryResearch & Report

FormatPDF

Pages61

Reading Time2 h 34 min

Transforming Mongolian Agriculture Through Growth, Resilience, and Competitiveness

Managing Natural Resources for Sustainable Growth

Ensuring a Water Secure Future

Ensuring Sustainable Water Supply and Sanitation

Managing Air Quality Imperatives for Better Health

Developing Livable and Resilient Urbanization

Developing Sustainable Infrastructure

Ensuring Sustainable and Reliable Energy Supply

Advancing Digital Development

Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized © 2020 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000; [Internet: ](Internet: www.worldbank.org)[www.worldbank.org](Internet: www.worldbank.org) This work is a product of the staff of the World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of the World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Nothing herein shall constitute or be considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of The World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved. ........................................................................................... 1 .............................................................................................. 2 ........................................................................................ 11 1)TRANSFORMING MONGOLIAN AGRICULTURE THROUGH GROWTH, RESILIENCE, AND COMPETITIVENESS ......................................................................................................................... 11 2)MANAGING NATURAL RESOURCES FOR SUSTAINABLE GROWTH ................................................. 16 3)ENSURING A WATER SECURE FUTURE ........................................................................................... 20 4)ENSURING SUSTAINABLE WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION ........................................................ 23 5)MANAGING AIR QUALITY IMPERATIVES FOR BETTER HEALTH ...................................................... 27 6)DEVELOPING LIVABLE AND RESILIENT URBANIZATION ................................................................. 31 7)DEVELOPING SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE .............................................................................40 8)ENSURING SUSTAINABLE AND RELIABLE ENERGY SUPPLY ............................................................47 9)ADVANCING DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT............................................................................................ 51 B2B Back-to-Back CHP combined heat and power plant CITA Communication and Information Technology Authority CMREC China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor CRC Communications Regulatory Commission DH district heating EBA Strengthen the Enabling Business of Agriculture EE Energy efficiency ERC Energy Regulatory Commission ESG environmental, social and governance FMD foot-and-mouth disease GASR General Authority for State Registration GHG greenhouse gas GOM Government of Mongolia HPS hydroelectric pumped storage ICNC Information Communication Network Company ICT information and communication technology IFI International Monetary Fund ILM integrated landscape management IPP Independent Power Producer IT information technology LDF Local Development Fund MOF Ministry of Finance MOFA Ministry of Foreign Affairs NAPSI North Asia Power Sector Interconnection NDC National Dispatch Center NMC National Water Committee NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration PIM public investment management PM particulate matter PPA Power Purchase Agreement PPR peste des petits ruminants PWC Private Water Company RBA River Basin Authority RBMSP River Basin Multi-Stakeholder Platform RE renewable energy SLP Sustainable Livelihoods Program TOD Transit-oriented development UB Ulaanbaatar UK United Kingdom WASH water, sanitation and hygiene Mongolia is endowed with rich natural resources, including its vast pastur

FAQs

What economic weaknesses does the report highlight for Mongolia?

It points to heavy reliance on mining, unsustainable exploitation of natural resources, poor livestock farming, unplanned urban development, and weak infrastructure connectivity. These factors contribute to congestion and higher infrastructure service costs.

Which priority areas are covered to support sustainable development?

The report covers agriculture transformation, natural resource management, water security, water supply and sanitation, air quality improvements, resilient urbanization, sustainable infrastructure, energy reliability, and digital development.

How does the report frame the role of policy implementation?

It stresses that visions like Mongolia’s Sustainable Development Vision 2030 and 2050 must be backed by appropriate policies, regulations, implementation plans, and enforcement capacity.

Jul 19, 2026

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