MLXIPL associated with tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells is involved in poor prostate cancer prognosis - Original Research

Sep 21, 2026

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Tumor microenvironment–resident CD8+ T cells are often linked to favorable outcomes in many solid cancers, yet their role in prostate cancer shows negative prognostic associations. This study quantified CD8+ T cell infiltration using TCGA PRAD and MSKCC cohorts, then performed bioinformatic analyses to determine immune mechanisms. Increased immune checkpoint molecule expression and regulatory T cell recruitment were implicated. MLXIPL emerged as a CD8+ infiltration response gene and correlated with poor prognosis across multiple cohorts.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryResearch & Report

FormatPDF

Pages12

Reading Time30 min

AccessFree to download

Introduction

Tumor microenvironment and CD8+ T cell roles

Methods

TCGA PRAD and MSKCC cohort analyses

Results

Immune checkpoint and regulatory T cell recruitment

MLXIPL as a prognostic marker

Discussion

Summary of MLXIPL involvement in poor prognosis

TYPE Original Research PUBLISHED 18 April 2024 DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1364329 OPEN ACCESS EDITED BY Wei Chong, Shandong Provincial Hospital, China REVIEWED BY Mulong Du, Nanjing Medical University, China Xuesi Dong, Southeast University, China Peng Song, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, China Giuseppe Schepisi, Scientiﬁc Institute of Romagna for the Study and Treatment of Tumors (IRCCS), Italy Kenichi Takayama, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Japan *CORRESPONDENCE Gaoxiang Ma [gaoxiang_ma@163.com](gaoxiang_ma@163.com)[ ](gaoxiang_ma@163.com)Haixia Zhu [00zlingling@163.com](00zlingling@163.com)[ ](00zlingling@163.com)Lian-Wen Qi [Qilw@cpu.edu.cn](Qilw@cpu.edu.cn) †These authors have contributed equally to this work RECEIVED 02 January 2024 ACCEPTED 01 April 2024 PUBLISHED 18 April 2024 CITATION Fan Y, Ge Y, Niu K, Li Y, Qi L-W, Zhu Hand Ma G (2024) MLXIPL associated with tumor-inﬁltrating CD8+ T cells is involved in poor prostate cancer prognosis. Front. Immunol. 15:1364329 . doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1364329 COPYRIGHT © 2024 Fan, Ge, Niu, Li, Qi, Zhu and Ma. This isan open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) . The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. MLXIPL associated with tumor-inﬁltrating CD8+ T cells is involved in poor prostate cancer prognosis Yuanming Fan 1†, Yuqiu Ge 2†, Kaiming Niu 1†, Ying Li 1, Lian-Wen Qi 3*, Haixia Zhu 4* and Gaoxiang Ma 1,5* 1State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China, 2 Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China, 3The Clinical Metabolomics Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China, 4Clinical Laboratory, Tumor Hospital Afﬁliated to Nantong University, Nantong, China, 5 Department of Oncology, Pukou Hospital of Chinese Medicine afﬁliated to China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China Introduction: Within tumor microenvironment, the presence of preexisting antitumor CD8+ T Q7 cells have been shown to be associated with a favorable prognosis in most solid cancers. However, in the case of prostate cancer (PCa), they have been linked to a negative impact on prognosis. Methods: To gain a deeper understanding of the contribution of inﬁltrating CD8 + T cells to poor prognosis in PCa, the inﬁltration levelsof CD8+ T cells were estimated using the TCGA PRAD (The Cancer Genome Atlas Prostate Adenocarcinoma dataset) and MSKCC (Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center) cohorts. Results: Bioinformatic analyses revealed that CD8+ T cells likely inﬂuence PCa prognosis through increased expression of immune checkpoint molecules and enhanced recruitment of regulatory T cells. The MLXIPL was identiﬁed as the gene expressed in response to CD8+ T cell inﬁltration and was found to be associated with PCa prognosis. The prognostic role of MLXIPL was examined in two cohorts: TCGA PRAD (p = 2 .3E-02) and the MSKCC cohort (p = 1 . 6E-02) . Subsequently, MLXIPL was conﬁrmed to be associated with an unfavorable prognosis in PCa, as evidenced by an independent cohort study (hazard ratio [HR] = 2 . 57, 95% CI: 1 .42-4. 65, p = 1 .76E-03) . Discussion: In summary, the ﬁndings suggested that MLXIPL related to tumorinﬁltrating CD8+ T cells facilitated a poor prognosis in PCa. KEYWORDS prostate cancer, prognosis, CD8+ T cell, MLXIPL, cohort study Frontiers in Immunology 01 [frontiersin.org](frontiersin.org) Introduction Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignancy in the male urogenital system worldwide (1) . As the most common

FAQs

How were CD8+ T cell infiltration levels assessed in prostate cancer?

CD8+ T cell infiltration levels were estimated using the TCGA PRAD cohort and the MSKCC cohort.

What mechanisms connect CD8+ T cell infiltration to poor prognosis?

Bioinformatic analyses suggest CD8+ T cells influence prognosis through increased expression of immune checkpoint molecules and enhanced recruitment of regulatory T cells.

What is MLXIPL’s relationship with prostate cancer prognosis?

MLXIPL was identified as a gene expressed in response to CD8+ T cell infiltration and was found to be associated with an unfavorable prognosis across multiple cohorts, including an independent cohort study.

Sep 21, 2026

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