Mapping the Grounds for Mortalities in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Through Registry Analyses - A Retrospective Cohort Study of Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults Patients

Sep 21, 2026

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Objective: identify non-malignant factors contributing to mortality in children, adolescents, and young adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) to improve follow-up and reduce mortality rates. Methods: retrospective registry analysis of 8,239 AML cases diagnosed from 2000–2019 in the USA, using SEER*Stat to compute standardized mortality ratios and 95% confidence intervals for each cause of death. Results and conclusions link mortality patterns to AML itself and non-cancerous causes like infections, alongside risks from other malignancies, granulocyte deficiencies, and treatment-related cardiac problems.

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Original Article J Clin Med Res. 2024;16(6):310-318 Mapping the Grounds for Mortalities in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Through Registry Analyses: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults Patients Anas Elgenidya, s, Mohammed Al-Mahdi Al-Kurdib, s, Hoda Atef Abdelsattar Ibrahimc, Eman F. Gadd, Ahmed K. Awade, Rebecca Caruanaf, Sheriseane Diaconof, Aya Sherifg, Tasneem Elattarh, Islam E. Al-Ghaname, Asmaa M. Eldmatya, Tareq M. Abubasheeri, Ahmed M. Afifij, Amira Elhoufeyk, l, Hamad Ghaleb Dailahm, Amira M. Osmann, Mohamed Ezzato, DoaaAli Gamalp, Rady Elmonierq, Ahmed El-Sayed Hammouro, Maged T. Abougabalr, Khaled Saadd, t Abstract Background: Our objective was to identify non-malignant factors that contribute to mortality in children, adolescents and young adults, aiming to improve patient follow-up and reduce mortality rates to Manuscript submitted May 14, 2024, accepted May 31, 2024 Published online June 30, 2024 aFaculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt bFaculty of Medicine, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syrian Arab Republic cDepartment of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt dDepartment of Pediatrics, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt eFaculty of Medicine Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt fMater dei Hospital, Msida, Malta gFaculty of Medicine, Beni Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt hFaculty of Clinical Pharmacy, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt iFaculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Palestine jDepartment of Surgery, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH, USA kDepartment of Community Health Nursing, Alddrab University College, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia lDepartment of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt mResearch and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia nDepartment of Pediatric Oncology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt oDepartment of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt pDepartment of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt qDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, New Damietta, Egypt rDepartment of Pediatrics, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt sThese authors contributed equally to this article. tCorresponding Author: Khaled Saad, Department of Pediatrics, Assiut University Children’s Hospital, Assiut University Campus, Assiut 71111, Egypt. [Email: khaled.ali@med.au.edu.eg](Email: khaled.ali@med.au.edu.eg) doi: [https://doi.org/10.14740/jocmr5205](https://doi.org/10.14740/jocmr5205) achieve better survival outcomes. Methods: We analyzed 8,239 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases diagnosed between 2000 and 2019 in the USA. Using version [8.4.0.1](8.4.0.1)[ ](8.4.0.1)of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)*Stat software, we calculated the standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each cause of death. Results: Out of the 3,165 deaths observed in the study population, the majority (2,245;70.9%) were attributed to AML itself, followed by non-AML cancers (573; 18.1%) and non-cancerous causes (347; 10.9%) . Conclusions: Patients with AML are at a higher risk of developing other types of cancer and granulocyte deficiencies, which increases the risk of death from non-cancerous causes such as infections. Moreover, treatment forAML carries the risk of cardiac problems. AML is commoner in males than females. Keywords: Acute myeloid leukemia; Non-cancerous mortality cause; SEER database; Children; Standardized mortality ratios Introduction Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), also called acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, is a hematogenous malignancy caused by genetic and epigenetic mutations of myeloid stem cells leading to rapid proliferation and accumulation of undifferentiated myeloblasts in the bone marrow and, thus, impaire

FAQs

What was the study’s main objective regarding mortality in AML patients?

To identify non-malignant factors contributing to mortality in children, adolescents, and young adults with AML, aiming to improve follow-up and reduce mortality rates.

How were mortality outcomes analyzed in the study?

The study used SEER*Stat with 8,239 AML cases diagnosed between 2000 and 2019 in the USA to calculate standardized mortality ratios and 95% confidence intervals for each cause of death.

What were the leading causes of death observed among the patients?

Most observed deaths were attributed to AML itself (2,245; 70.9%), followed by non-AML cancers (573; 18.1%) and non-cancerous causes (347; 10.9%).

What risks for non-cancerous death did the conclusions emphasize?

Patients with AML were at higher risk for other cancers and granulocyte deficiencies, increasing death risk from non-cancerous causes such as infections; treatment also carried risk of cardiac problems.

Sep 21, 2026

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