MANUAL ON RADIATION PROTECTION IN HOSPITALS AND GENERAL PRACTICE - Volume 1 - Basic Protection Requirements

Oct 13, 2026

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Manual on radiation protection in hospitals and general practice, Volume 1, sets out basic protection requirements for safe practice with ionizing radiation. It presents general considerations such as X-rays, electrons, radionuclide radiation, radiation interactions with matter, basic dosimetry, biological effects, and risk evaluation. It then defines principal protection objectives, covering maximum permissible levels, patient protection, and research and clinical trials, followed by guidance on radiation equipment, operating procedures, planning of facilities, shielding design, organization, radiation surveys, and personnel monitoring.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryHealthcare

FormatPDF

Pages88

Reading Time3 h 42 min

AccessFree to download

Preface

Introduction

General Considerations

X-rays

Electrons

Radiation from radionuclides

Interaction of radiation with matter

Basic dosimetry

Biological effects of ionizing radiation

Risk evaluation

Principal Objectives of Radiation Protection

Maximum permissible levels

Protection of patients

Medical research and clinical trials of new methods

Radiation Equipment and Operating Procedures

Diagnostic X-ray installations

X-ray beam therapy

Gamma-ray installations for teletherapy

Brachytherapy

Unsealed sources for therapeutic use

Planning of Radiation Facilities

Levels of medical care

Centralization and decentralization of radiation facilities

Diagnostic X-ray facilities

Therapy facilities

Nuclear medicine and therapy with unsealed

Manual on radiationprotectionin hospitalsand general practice # Volume 1Basic Protection Requirements C.B.BRAESTRUP &K.J.VIKTERLÖF Jointly sponsoredby ILO,IAEA,and WHO 109 少 # MANUAL ON RADIATION PROTECTIONIN HOSPITALS AND GENERAL PRACTICE MANUAL # ON RADIATION PROTECTIONIN HOSPITALSAND GENERAL PRACTICE Volume 1Basic Protection Requirements C.B.BRAESTRUP Consultant Physicist,Lenox Hill Hospital,New York,USA K.J.VIKTERLÖF Radiation Physics Department,The RegionalHospital,Orebro,Sweden Jointly sponsoredby ILO,IAEA,and WHO WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATIONGENEVA A 69 )294 1 974 ISBN 9241540389 World Health Organization 1974 Publications of the World Health Organization enjoy copyright protection in accor-dance with the provisions of Protocol 2 of the Universal Copyright Convention.For rightsof reproduction or translation of WHO publications,in part or in toto,application shouldbe made to the Office of Publications and Translation,World Health Organization,Geneva,Switzerland.The World Health Organization welcomes such applications. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication donot imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Director-Generalof the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country or territoryor of its authorities,or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers. Authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this publication. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers'products does notimply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization inpreference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned.Errors and omissionsexcepted,the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. CONTENTS Preface ………………………………… Introduction …………………… 1. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS . X-rays ……………………………………… Electrons ………………………………… Radiation from radionuclides Interaction of radiation with matter Basic dosimetry ………… Biological effects of ionizing radiation Risk evaluation ………………………… 2. PRINCIPAL OBJECTIVES OF RADIATION PROTECTION Maximum permissible levels …………………… Protection of patients Medical research and clinical trials of new methods 3.RADIATION EQUIPMENT AND OPERATING PROCEDURES. Diagnostic X-ray installations …………… X-ray beam therapy ……………………………………… Gamma-ray installations for teletherapy Brachytherapy…………………………… Unsealed sources for therapeutic use . 一Diagnostic use of unsealed sources (nuclear medicine) 4. PLANNING OF RADIATION FACILITIES . Levels of medical care ………… Centralization and decentralization of radiation facilities Diagnostic X-ray facilities. . Therapy facilities Nuclear medicine and therapy with unsealed 5. SHIELDING DESIGN .. Diagnostic radiology . Radiotherapy ……………… 一Nuclear medicine and therapeutic use of radionuclide 6. THE ORGANIZATION OF RADIATION PROTECTION Assignment of responsibilities and general duties Legal responsibilities .. Safety checks …………………… Refresher courses and symposia 9 11 13 13 13 14 15 16 19 26 30 31 32 34 35 35 40 40 41 42 43 45 45 47 48 48 50 52 53 55 55 57 57 . . 60 60 61 7. RADIATION SURVEYS ……………… X-ray and gamma-ray beam surveys . Sealed radioactive sources……………………………… Nuclear medicine surveys …………… 8. PERSONNEL MONITORING AND HEALTH SUPERVISION Personnel monitoring………………………… Personnel monitoring systems .. Health surveillance ………………………… ANNEX 1.List of commonly used radionuclides ANNEX 2. Design of protective shielding . INDEX .·· ……………………………… 62 62 65 65 67 67 68 70 73 74 79 REVIEWERS Dr G.M.Ardran,Nuffield Institute for Medical Research,Oxford,EnglandDr E.H.Belcher,Head,Medical Applications Section,Division of LifeSciences,International Atomic Energy Agency,Vienna,AustriaProfessor D.Frost,D

FAQs

What topics are covered under the general considerations in Volume 1?

The manual addresses X-rays, electrons, radiation from radionuclides, interactions of radiation with matter, basic dosimetry, biological effects, and risk evaluation.

What are the principal objectives of radiation protection described in the manual?

It focuses on maximum permissible levels, protection of patients, and guidance for medical research and clinical trials of new methods.

How does Volume 1 guide radiation protection implementation in practice?

It provides coverage of radiation equipment and operating procedures, planning of radiation facilities, shielding design, organization of radiation protection, radiation surveys, and personnel monitoring and health supervision.

Oct 13, 2026

Upload by SANS