Long COVID: Supporting Analysis - Part I - Recent Developments - Growth, Employment, and Poverty

Jul 20, 2026

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Long COVID: Supporting Analysis is an analytical component of the World Bank East Asia and Pacific Economic Update (October 2021). It organizes evidence on recent regional economic developments, examining growth, employment, and poverty, and assessing the drivers behind performance as well as the near-term outlook. The report further analyzes how COVID-19 affects growth and inequality, covering macroeconomic conditions, firms and technology, labor and welfare experiences, and policy responses across households and social protection.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryResearch & Report

FormatPDF

Pages159

Reading Time6 h 41 min

Part I. Recent Developments

Growth, Employment, and Poverty

What Explains the Recent Economic Performance?

Outlook

Part II. COVID-19: Growth and Inequality

A macroeconomic perspective on growth and inequality

Firms and technology

Households and inequality

Public Disc losure Authorized WORLD BANK EAST ASIA AND PACIFIC ECONOMIC UPDATE OCTOBER 2021 LONG COVID: SUPPORTING ANALYSIS Pub lic Disclosure Authorized Pub lic Disc losure Authorized Pub lic Disclosure Authorized WORLD BANK EAST ASIA AND PACIFIC ECONOMIC UPDATE, OCTOBER 2021 Long COVID: Supporting Analysis © 2021 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000; [Internet: www.worldbank.org](Internet: www.worldbank.org) Some rights reserved 1 2 3 4 24 23 22 21 This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Nothing herein shall constitute or be considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of The World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved. Rights and Permissions This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO) [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/) [by/3.0/igo. Under the Creative Commons Attribution license](by/3.0/igo. Under the Creative Commons Attribution license), [you are free to copy](you are free to copy), [distribute](distribute), [transmit](transmit), [and adapt this work](and adapt this work), [including](including) [for commercial purposes](for commercial purposes), under the following conditions: Attribution—Please cite the work as follows: World Bank. 2021.“Long COVID” East Asia and Pacific Economic Update (October), World Bank, Washington, DC. Doi: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1799-1 . License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO Translations—If you create a translation of this work, please add the following disclaimer along with the attribution: This translation was not created by The World Bank and should not be considered an official World Bank translation. The World Bank shall not be liable for any content or error in this translation. Adaptations—If you create an adaptation of this work, please add the following disclaimer along with the attribution: This is an adaptation of an original work by The World Bank. Views and opinions expressed in the adaptation are the sole responsibility of the author or authors of the adaptation and are not endorsed by The World Bank. Third-party content—The World Bank does not necessarily own each component of the content contained within the work. The World Bank therefore does not warrant that the use of any third-party-owned individual component or part contained in the work will not infringe on the rights of those third parties. The risk of claims resulting from such infringement rests solely with you. If you wish to re-use a component of the work, it is your responsibility to determine whether permission is needed for that re-use and to obtain permission from the copyright owner. Examples of components can include, but are not limited to, tables, figures, or images. All queries on rights and licenses should be addressed to World Bank Publications, The World Bank Group, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; e-mail: [pubrights@worldbank.org](pubrights@worldbank.org). ISBN (electronic): 978-1-4648-1799-1 DOI: 10. 1596/978-1-4648-1799-1 Cover photo: Group of students wearing protective mask to Protect Against COVID-19 by Cavan Images © Getty Images. Used with the permission of Getty Images. Further permission required for reuse. LONG COVID: SUPPORTING ANALYSIS Contents

FAQs

What topics are covered in Part I of the Long COVID supporting analysis?

Part I focuses on recent developments, including growth, employment, and poverty, the drivers of recent economic performance, and the outlook.

How does the report examine the relationship between COVID-19, growth, and inequality?

Part II analyzes growth and inequality through multiple lenses: macroeconomic perspective, firms and technology, and household-level inequality dynamics.

What policy areas related to households and social protection does the report discuss?

The report covers fiscal policy for more equitable and inclusive growth, the social protection response, and the shift toward more inclusive and adaptive social protection systems, including education response.

Jul 20, 2026

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