Japanese version of the cancer needs questionnaire–young people (CNQ-YP-J) - translation and preliminary validation

Sep 23, 2026

Uploaded by Noah

Adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer patients face complex physical and psychosocial development alongside rapidly changing lifestyle circumstances, making needs potentially generation-specific. This study developed a Japanese version of the Cancer Needs Questionnaire–Young People (CNQ-YP), termed CNQ-YP-J, and evaluated reliability and validity in Japanese AYA patients with cancer, using standardized translation, expert content review, and pilot testing.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryHealthcare

FormatPDF

Pages10

Reading Time25 min

AccessFree to download

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Background

AYA population context

Need for age-appropriate care

Shinohara et al. BMC Cancer (2025) 25:343 BMC Cancer [https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-13753-5](https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-13753-5) RESEARCH Open Access Japanese version of the cancer needs questionnaire–young people (CNQ-YP-J): translation and preliminary validation Yuki Shinohara 1,2, Ami Tabata 1*, Mari Matsuoka 1,3, Masahiro Ogawa4, Akiko Hanai 1,5, Tara Clinton-McHarg6, Yuko Maeda 1, Masaya Kato 1, Yuta Sugihara 1, Momoko Nagai-Tanima 1, Tadao Tsuboyama 1,7 and Tomoki Aoyama 1 Abstract Background Adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients with cancer experience complex physical and psychosocial development as well as diverse lifestyle changes. Therefore, each patient may have generation-specific needs. This study aimed to develop a Japanese version of the Cancer Needs Questionnaire–Young People (CNQ-YP), namely the CNQ-YP-J, and to verify its reliability and validity among Japanese AYA patients with cancer. Methods The CNQ-YP-J was developed using a standardized translation methodology. Content validity was assessed by a group of experts, and a pilot test was conducted with six AYA cancer patients. A total of 87 AYA patients with cancer participated in this study. After exploratory factor analysis, the scale’s reliability was examined using Cronbach’s α, item-total correlations, and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of the retest. Criterion-related validity was analysed using correlations between total needs, concerns about physical effects, and quality of life (QOL) . Results The factor analysis revealed an eight-factor structure, different from the original scale, with one item excluded, resulting in a 69-item scale. Cronbach’s α coefficient and ICC were above the minimum acceptable criterion of 0 . 70, demonstrating high reliability. Concerning criterion-related validity, high needs were positively correlated with high concerns about physical effects and negatively correlated with QOL. Conclusions The CNQ-YP-J developed in this study is a reliable and potentially valid scale that comprehensively assesses the needs of AYA cancer patients in the treatment environment as well as their daily lives. We hope that the use of this scale as a measure of the needs of AYA cancer patients in various settings, including clinical practice, will lead to the provision of optimal medical care and development of support systems, as well as the promotion of information. Keywords Patient-reported outcomes, Adolescents and young adults, Cancer, Unmet needs, Scale development, Supportive care, Japanese *Correspondence: Ami Tabata [tabata.ami.3e@kyoto-u.ac.jp](tabata.ami.3e@kyoto-u.ac.jp) 1Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Syogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto City, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan 2Consultant, Pharmaceutical business unit, JMDC Inc., 2-5-5 Shiba Daimon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0012, Japan 3Department of Child and Heath Nursing, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu City, Mie 514-8507, Japan 4Faculty of Rehabilitation, Kobe Gakuin University, 518 Ikawadani-cho, Arise, Nishi-ku, Kobe City, Hyogo 651-2180, Japan 5Faculty of informatics, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba City, Chiba 263-8522, Japan 6School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, Newcastle, New South Wales 2308, Australia 7School of Health Sciences, Bukkyo University, 7 Nishinokyo Higashitoganoo-cho, Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto City, Kyoto 604-8418, Japan © The Author(s) 2025. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permi

FAQs

What is the purpose of developing CNQ-YP-J?

To develop a Japanese version of the Cancer Needs Questionnaire–Young People and to verify its reliability and validity among Japanese AYA cancer patients.

How was CNQ-YP-J translated and evaluated for content quality?

It used a standardized translation methodology, with content validity assessed by experts and a pilot test conducted with six AYA cancer patients.

What did the factor analysis and reliability testing show?

Exploratory factor analysis indicated an eight-factor structure different from the original scale, producing a 69-item version with Cronbach’s α and ICC values above 0.70.

Sep 23, 2026

Uploaded by Noah