IPL 2021 Value Addition Class September 16 Defence Technology

Jul 16, 2026

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Defence technology notes for IPL 2021 describing ballistic missiles, cruise missiles, and missile range classes (SRBM to ICBM). The document explains cryogenic rocket engines and their efficiency via specific impulse, then summarizes India’s Agni 5 ICBM and BrahMos cruise missile, including range and speed characteristics, as well as the Niirbhay subsonic cruise missile’s speed, low-altitude flight, stages, payload, and range.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryResearch & Report

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Pages6

Reading Time15 min

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IPL 2021 IPL 2021 Value Addition Class September 16 Defence Technology: 1. Ballistic Missiles: ● Ballistic missile, a rocket-propelled self-guided strategic-weapons system that follows a ballistic trajectory to deliver a payload from its launch site to a predetermined target. Ballistic missiles can carry conventional high explosives as well as chemical, biological, or nuclear munitions. ● They can be launched from aircraft, ships, and submarines in addition to land-based silos and mobile platforms 2. Cruise Missiles: ● A cruise missile is a guided missile used against terrestrial targets, that remains in the atmosphere and flies the major portion of its flight path at approximately constant speed. Cruise missiles are designed to deliver a large warhead over long distances with high precision. Modern cruise missiles are capable of travelling at supersonic or high subsonic speeds, are self-navigating, and are able to fly on a non-ballistic, extremely low-altitude trajectory. | Ballistic Missile | Cruise Missile | | --- | --- | | Examples: Prithvi I, Prithvi II, Agni I, Agni II and Dhanush missiles. | Examples: BrahMos missiles | | This missile is similar to a rocket engine. | The cruise missile shares similarity with a jet engine. | 1 © Civils360 [8138000360|7012652522 | ](8138000360|7012652522 | civils360@gmail.com | civils360.com)[civils360@gmail.com](8138000360|7012652522 | civils360@gmail.com | civils360.com)[ | civils360.com](8138000360|7012652522 | civils360@gmail.com | civils360.com)[ ](8138000360|7012652522 | civils360@gmail.com | civils360.com)[Follow us on | fb.com/civils360 | Instagram.com/civils360](Follow us on | fb.com/civils360 | Instagram.com/civils360) IPL 2021 | Long-range ballistic missiles leave the earth’s atmosphere andre-enter it | Their flight path is within the atmosphere, they never travel out of it. | | --- | --- | | As it is unguided for most of its path, it requires low precision. Therefore its trajectory depends on gravity, air resistance and Coriolis Force | It hits targets with high precision as it is constantly propelled | | These missiles can have a range of 300 km to 12,000 km as there is no fuel requirement after its initial trajectory | The range is below 500 km as it needs to be constantly propelled to hit the target with high precision | | Heavy payload can be carried using ballistic missiles | Payload capacity is limited in Cruise missiles | | These missiles can carry more than one payload ( Multiple Independently targetable Reentry Vehicle) | Cruise missile usually carries a single payload | | It is developed primarily to carry nuclear warheads | It has been developed primarily to carry conventional warheads | 3. Range of Missiles: ● A short-range ballistic missile (SRBM) is a ballistic missile with a range of about 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) or less. ● Medium-range ballistic missile ( MRBM): Range between 1,000 to 3, 500 kilometres ● Intermediate-range ballistic missile (IRBM)

Jul 16, 2026

Upload by Quinn