Investigating the mortality trend of gastrointestinal cancers in Babol, North Iran (2013–2021)

Sep 21, 2026

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Background and aim examines mortality rate and trends of gastrointestinal cancers, especially gastric cancer, as a leading cancer-related cause of death in northern Iran over nine years. Method uses cross-sectional analysis of gastrointestinal cancer deaths in Babol between 2013 and 2021, relying on cause-of-death registration and population estimates. Results summarize 1,345 deaths and show increasing crude and age-standardized mortality, with specific site differences. Conclusion highlights rising burden and need for prevention, screening, awareness, and proper diagnosis.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryResearch & Report

FormatPDF

Pages8

Reading Time20 min

AccessFree to download

Abstract

Background and aim

Method

Results

Conclusion

Introduction

Cancer burden and global context

Risk factors and relevance to gastrointestinal cancers

Ebrahimi etal. BMCGastroenterology (2024) 24:100 [https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-024-03189-9](https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-024-03189-9) BMC Gastroenterology RESEARCH Open Access Investigating the mortality trend of gastrointestinal cancers in Babol, North Iran (2013–2021) Pouyan Ebrahimi 1, Mohsen Karami2, Sahar Delavari3, Layla Shojaie4, Seyed-Hossein Hosseini-Berneti 1, Fatemeh Bayani5, Mehdi Moghaddasi5, Ozra Babazade5 and Hossein-Ali Nikbakht6* Abstract Background and aim This study aims to examine the mortality rate and trend of gastrointestinal cancers, particularly gastric cancer, as the leading cause of death among cancers in northern Iran over a 9-year period. In light of the changing incidence and mortality rates of cancer in Iran and around the world, the importance of these diseases in people’s lives, and the necessity of updating and monitoring the trend of cancer mortality, we have decided to report on the mortality trend of gastrointestinal cancers, based on crude and age-standardized rates. Method This study is a cross-sectional examination of deaths caused by gastrointestinal cancers in Babol city, Iran, between 2013 and 2021. Data was collected from the cause of death registration and classification system of Babol University of Medical Sciences. Population estimation was obtained from the latest census reports. The crude and age-standardized mortality rates and trends ofthe cancers were calculated. Results Overall, there were 1345 deaths from gastrointestinal cancers with an average age of 69.11 ± 14.25 years. The crude and age-standardized rates of these cancers rose from 24.1 to 20.1 per hundred thousand people in 2012 to 29.5 and 25.5 per hundred thousand people, respectively. This trend became more prevalent significantly with the increase of each decade of age for both men (P-value Trend = 0 . 002) and women (P-value Trend = 0 . 012) . An analysis of gastrointestinal cancers revealed a decreasing trend for cancers of the small intestine, an increasing trend for cancers of the colon, pancreas, and gallbladder, and a stable trend for the remaining cancers over the study period. Conclusion The age-standardized rate and the number of gastrointestinal cancers is rising, highlighting the importance of preventative measures such as screening, increasing public awareness, and appropriate diagnostic methods. Keywords Gastrointestinal cancers, Trends, Mortality, Iran *Correspondence: Hossein-Ali Nikbakht [ep.nikbakht@gmail.com](ep.nikbakht@gmail.com) 1Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Science, Babol, Iran 2Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran 3Institute for the Developing Mind, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, , Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA 4Division of GI/Liver, Department of Medicine, Keck school of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA 5Department of Health, Health Systems Research, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran 6Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran © The Author(s) 2024. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article

FAQs

What is the study’s main objective?

To examine the mortality rate and trend of gastrointestinal cancers, with particular focus on gastric cancer, in northern Iran over a nine-year period.

How were mortality data collected and analyzed?

Deaths caused by gastrointestinal cancers in Babol from 2013 to 2021 were analyzed using cause-of-death registration and classification data, alongside population estimates. Crude and age-standardized mortality rates and trends were calculated.

What overall mortality pattern was found?

There were 1,345 deaths on average age 69.11 years, and both crude and age-standardized mortality rates increased over the study period.

Sep 21, 2026

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