Influence of Self-Compassion, Burden of BPSD, Communication Behavior, and Nursing Work Environment on Person-Centered Care for Patients with Dementia Among Long-Term Care Hospital Nurses

Q: What factors were examined as influencing person-centered care (PCC) for dementia patients?

The study evaluated personal factors (self-compassion and BPSD burden), interpersonal factors (communication behavior), and organizational factors (nursing work environment).

Q: Which predictors showed the strongest relationship with PCC?

Hierarchical multiple regression indicated the nursing work environment was the strongest predictor of PCC, followed by dementia-related education frequency, self-compassion, and communication behavior.

Q: What recommendations were made to strengthen PCC in long-term care hospitals?

The study recommends comprehensive improvements to the nursing work environment, especially adequate staffing and material resources, along with continuous dementia-related education and training that builds self-compassion and communication skills.

Sep 30, 2026

Uploaded by River Wang

Objectives: Identify factors influencing person-centered care (PCC) among nurses in long-term care hospitals for dementia patients and propose strategies to strengthen their PCC capacity. Methods: Using an ecological model, this descriptive study assessed effects of personal factors (self-compassion, BPSD burden), interpersonal factors (communication behavior), and organizational factors (nursing work environment) on PCC. Participants were 152 nurses in four facilities in Seoul and Gyeonggi. Results: Hierarchical multiple regression found nursing work environment as the strongest predictor, with additional effects of dementia education and self-compassion, and communication behavior. Conclusions: Improve work environment, ensure sufficient staffing and resources, and support continuous training to develop self-compassion and communication skills.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryHealthcare

FormatPDF

Pages14

Reading Time35 min

AccessFree to download

Abstract

Introduction

Article Influence of Self-Compassion, Burden of BPSD, Communication Behavior, and Nursing Work Environment on Person-Centered Care for Patients with Dementia Among Long-Term Care Hospital Nurses Yong Min Kim 1, Mi Heui Jang 2, * and Min Jung Sun 3 Academic Editor: PolyxeniMangoulia Received: 18 October 2025 Revised: 8 December 2025 Accepted: 17 December 2025 Published: 20 December 2025 Copyright: © 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license. 1 Department of Nursing, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; [hongyu98@khu.ac.kr](hongyu98@khu.ac.kr) 2 College of Nursing Science, East-West Nursing Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea 3 Department of Nursing, Gangdong University, Eumseong-gun 27600, Republic of Korea; [mjsun@gangdong.ac.kr](mjsun@gangdong.ac.kr) * [Correspondence: mhjang@khu.ac.kr](Correspondence: mhjang@khu.ac.kr); Tel.: +82-2-961-0592 Abstract Objectives: This study aimed to identify the factors influencing person-centered care (PCC) among nurses working at long-term care hospitals for patients with dementia and to propose strategies for strengthening their capacity to provide PCC. Methods: Guided by the ecological model, this descriptive study examined the effects of personal factors (self-compassion and the burden of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia [BPSD]), interpersonal factors (communication behavior), and organizational factors (nursing work environment) on PCC. Participants were 152 nurses who had worked for more than two months at four long-term care hospitals in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. Data were collected between 8 January and 4 February 2024, and analyzed using SPSS version 23.0 . Results: Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that the strongest predictors of PCC were the nursing work environment (β = 0.36, p < 0.001), having received dementia-related education twice (β = 0.26, p = 0.008), self-compassion (β = 0.23, p = 0.017), having received dementia-related education three or more times (β = 0.22, p = 0.036), and communication behavior (β = 0.20, p = 0.026) . The final model (Model 3) explained 41.5% of the variance in PCC (adjusted R2 = 0.415, F = 5.70, p < 0.001) . Conclusions: To strengthen PCC among nurses in long-term care hospitals, comprehensive efforts to improve the nursing work environment are essential. Institutional support should particularly focus on securing sufficient nursing staff and ensuring adequate material resources. In addition, continuous dementia-related education and training programs that foster self-compassion and communication skills among nurses are recommended. Keywords: nurse; long-term care; dementia; self-compassion; burden; communication; nursing work environment; person-centered care 1. Introduction Dementia is an irreversible condition that progressively impairs cognitive, behavioral, and psychological functions, eventually making it impossible for affected individuals to perform daily activities without assistance [1] . Advances in medical technology have increased life expectancy, leading to a sharp rise in the number of people with dementia, with an estimated 55 million individuals worldwide currently living with the disease [2] . This rapid growth has created a substantial global economic and social burden [3] . In Korea, the number of dementia patients is projected to rise from approximately 940,000 in 2022 to 3.15 million by 2050 [4] . To address this challenge, the Korean government introduced the “National Responsibility for Dementia Policy” in 2017 . Under this policy, patients with mild dementia receive services through in-home care, community dementia relief centers, and long-term care facilities, while patients with severe dementia are primarily treated in long-t

FAQs

What factors were examined as influencing person-centered care (PCC) for dementia patients?

The study evaluated personal factors (self-compassion and BPSD burden), interpersonal factors (communication behavior), and organizational factors (nursing work environment).

Which predictors showed the strongest relationship with PCC?

Hierarchical multiple regression indicated the nursing work environment was the strongest predictor of PCC, followed by dementia-related education frequency, self-compassion, and communication behavior.

What recommendations were made to strengthen PCC in long-term care hospitals?

The study recommends comprehensive improvements to the nursing work environment, especially adequate staffing and material resources, along with continuous dementia-related education and training that builds self-compassion and communication skills.

Sep 30, 2026

Uploaded by River Wang