Imaging in gynecological disease (29) - clinical and ultrasound features of primary ovarian immature teratoma

Sep 28, 2026

Uploaded by Jake

Objective describes the clinical and ultrasound characteristics at diagnosis of primary ovarian immature teratoma without other germ cell tumor components on histopathology. Methods detail a retrospective multicenter cohort (1998–2024) using histologic cases from 17 ultrasound centers and the IOTA database; IOTA terminology is used for image description. Two independent examiners review retrieved grayscale and Doppler images or videoclips and apply pattern recognition. Results include 64 patients with common pain or swelling, typical unilateral masses, and characteristic heterogeneous echogenicity.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryHealthcare

FormatPDF

Pages11

Reading Time28 min

AccessFree to download

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2026; 67: 89–99 Published online 21 October 2025 in Wiley Online Library ([wileyonlinelibrary.com](wileyonlinelibrary.com)). DOI: 10.1002/uog.70111. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Imaging in gynecological disease (29): clinical and ultrasound features of primary ovarian immature teratoma C. LANDOLFO1,2, W. FROYMAN3,4, A. C. TESTA5,6, D. FISCHEROVA7,8, D. FRANCHI9 , J. YAZBEK1 , S. SASO1, R. FRUSCIO10 , V. CHIAPPA11 , A. CZEKIERDOWSKI12 , T. VAN GORP4,13 , F. MORO5,14, L. SAVELLI15, G. F. ZANNONI16 , T. BOURNE1,2,3 , D. TIMMERMAN3,4 , L. VALENTIN17,18 and Collaborators\# 1 Queen Charlotte’s and Chelsea Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK; 2 Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK; 3 Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; 4 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; 5 Dipartimento Scienze della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanita’ Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; 6 Dipartimento Universitario Scienze della Vita e Sanit Pubblica, Universit Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; 7 Gynecologic Oncology Centre, Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Neonatology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic; 8 General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; 9 Preventive Gynecology Unit, Division of Gynecology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy; 10 Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Milan-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy; 11 Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; 12 Department of Gynecological Oncology and Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland; 13 Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, ImmunOvar Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; 14 UniCamillus, International Medical University, Rome, Italy; 15 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Forli and Faenza Hospitals & University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; 16 Institute of Histopathology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; 17 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sk ne University Hospital, Malm , Sweden; 18 Department of Clinical Sciences Malm , Lund University, Malm , Sweden KEYWORDS: ovarian immature teratoma; ovarian neoplasm; ultrasonography | ABSTRACT
Objective To describe the clinical and ultrasound characteristics at the time of diagnosis of primary ovarian immature teratoma with no other germ cell tumor components described on histopathology.
Methods This was a retrospective study of women with a histological diagnosis of primary ovarian immature teratoma who had undergone a preoperative ultrasound examination between 1998 and 2024 . Cases were identiﬁed from the databases of 17 contributing ultrasound centers and the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) database. The descriptions of the ultrasound images of the tumors made by the original ultrasound examiners using IOTA terminology were reported. In addition, grayscale and color or power Doppler ultrasound images or videoclips were retrieved for all tumors. Two independent ultrasound examiners reviewed the retrieved material and searched for speciﬁc ultrasound characteristics of immature teratomas using pattern recognition. We present their agreed description of the tumors. | Results In total, 64 patients with ovarian immature teratoma were included, of which 38 (59 .4%) were obtained from the IOTA database (IOTA studies phase 1, 1b, 2, 3, 5 and 7). The median age of the patients at diagnosis was 24.5 (interquartile range (IQR), 18.8–31.0;

FAQs

What was the study objective for primary ovarian immature teratoma?

To describe clinical and ultrasound characteristics at diagnosis in primary ovarian immature teratoma cases without other germ cell tumor components on histopathology.

How were the ultrasound data collected and evaluated?

The study retrospectively identified histologically confirmed cases with preoperative ultrasound between 1998 and 2024 from 17 ultrasound centers and the IOTA database. Retrieved grayscale and color/power Doppler images or videoclips were reviewed by two independent ultrasound examiners using IOTA terminology and pattern recognition.

What ultrasound appearance was considered most typical and pathognomonic?

Heterogeneous, bizarre echogenicity of the solid components, with hyperechogenic areas, cystic spaces, and acoustic shadows, which the authors consider pathognomonic when solid components were assessable.

Sep 28, 2026

Uploaded by Jake