Hydrothermal synthesis of nickel substituted magnesium ferrites (NixMg1-xFe2O4) - insight into the detailed structural, magnetic and electrochemical properties

Jul 30, 2026

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Nickel-substituted magnesium Mg-spinel ferrites with composition NixMg1-xFe2O4 were synthesized via a hydrothermal technique and evaluated for morphological, structural, magnetic, and electrochemical behavior. X-ray diffraction confirmed single-phase spinel structure while lattice parameters decreased as nickel concentration increased. SEM and spectroscopic analyses revealed nanoparticle clustering and shifts in Raman and FTIR bands consistent with shortened Fe–O bonding. Magnetic parameters show increased saturation magnetization and reduced coercivity, alongside lowered specific capacitance, indicating suitability for energy storage applications.

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Contents lists available at ScienceDirect

Hydrothermal synthesis of nickel substituted magnesium ferrites (NixMg1-xFe2O4)

Morphological, structural, magnetic and electrochemical properties

Introduction

References and citation metadata

Surfaces and Interfaces 40 (2023) 103130 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Surfaces and Interfaces journal [homepage: www.sciencedirect.com/journal/surfaces-and-interfaces](homepage: www.sciencedirect.com/journal/surfaces-and-interfaces) | Hydrothermal synthesis of nickel substituted magnesium ferrites (NixMg 1-xFe2O4) and insight into the detailed structural, magnetic and electrochemical properties | | | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Zeenat Jabeen a, Asadullah Dawood b, Muneerah Alomar c, Salman Naeem Khan a, Ihsan Alid, Muhammad Asif a, Waseem Abbas e, Muhammad Sultan Irshad f, Mukhtar Ahmad a, *
a Department of Physics, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI) Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan b Department of Physics, National Excellence Institute (University) Islamabad (NEI) Islamabad, Pakistan,
c Department of Physics, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia d Higher Education Department (HED), Govt. of Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
e Institute of Physics, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Pakistan
f Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China | | | | | A R T I C L E I N F O | | A B S T R A C T | | | Keywords:
Spinel ferrites
Hydrothermal technique
X-ray diffraction
Scanning electron microscopy
Magnetic measurements | | A series of single-phase nickel (Ni+2) substituted magnesium Mg-spinel ferrites (NixMg 1-xFe2O4) were synthesized by hydrothermal technique and investigated for morphological, structural, magnetic, and electrochemical properties. Experimental characterization techniques revealed that single-phase spinel structure was confirmed by X-ray diffraction, lattice parameter dropped with increasing Ni concentrations, nanoparticles clustered together, the nanoparticles in the SEM micrographs of different sizes are clustered together. Raman spectra showed lower wave numbers, FTIR spectrum showed that peaks move towards lower wave numbers because of nickel’s substitution, and this shortens the Fe-O bond hence reduces the lattice parameter, saturation magnetization increased, coercivity decreased, specific capacitance decreased, and loop size increased. These ferrites are suitable for energy storage applications. | | 1. Introduction Ferrites are complex iron oxides that are used in a wide span of technology. There are three main types of ferrites: spinel-ferrites, garnet ferrites and hexa-ferrites [1]. Spinel ferrite (MFe 2O4, where M = Ni, Mn, Zn, Fe and other metals) is distinguished from other materials by magnetic, electrical, and structural properties [2]. For their unique properties, spinel ferrites have found applications in many different areas, such as batteries, sensors, actuators, and high-frequency electronics. Enhanced chemical stability, higher electrical current loss and resistance loss are a few of the many adaptive and tunable features that have drawn a lot of attention to the spinel ferrite class, of which soft magnetic MFe2O4 is a member [3]. These materials are useful in manufacturing batteries electrodes, stealth anti-radar cutting-edge technologies because they function well in higher-frequency applications; examples include microwave and radar absorbing materials. It has been found that the features of nickel ferrite (MFe 2O4) are significantly influenced by the sample processing and replacement procedure. Structures may be altered for a particular application by adjusting variables such as lattice parameters, surface morphology, particle size distribution and cation distribution between tetrahedral and octahedral sites [4]. Nickel substitution in structural remodeling of magnesium ferrite materials has recently attracted interest as another unique approach to improve material physical properties. There are two types of cationic s

FAQs

How were NixMg1-xFe2O4 nickel-substituted magnesium ferrites synthesized in the study?

They were synthesized using a hydrothermal technique.

What structural change was observed when nickel concentration increased?

X-ray diffraction indicated a single-phase spinel structure, and the lattice parameter decreased with increasing Ni concentration.

What did the results suggest about the materials’ potential applications?

The ferrites were considered suitable for energy storage applications based on their combined structural, magnetic, and electrochemical behavior.

Jul 30, 2026

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