Hyaluronan-Mediated Motility Receptor (HMMR) Overexpression Is Correlated with Poor Survival in Patients with B-ALL

Q: What was the main purpose of this research on HMMR in B-ALL?

To determine whether HMMR expression has prognostic value in pediatric patients with B-ALL and whether it could serve as an early molecular marker or target.

Q: How was HMMR expression measured in the study?

B-ALL differential expression was assessed by in silico analysis, and HMMR expression was measured using qRT–PCR and immunocytochemistry.

Q: What statistical and analytical methods supported the conclusions?

The study used ROUT, Kolmogorov–Smirnov Z, and Mann–Whitney U tests, then constructed ROC curves and Youden index, and plotted Kaplan–Meier survival curves.

Sep 23, 2026

Uploaded by Lucas Martin

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common pediatric malignancy, with survival exceeding 85% globally, yet remaining high in mortality in emerging settings such as Mexico. In Mexico, B-ALL is the prevalent subtype, and prognosis depends on clinical and laboratory features while adverse molecular prognostic markers remain limited. This study evaluated the prognostic value of HMMR expression in pediatric B-ALL. Using in silico differential expression, qRT-PCR and immunocytochemistry, statistical analyses, ROC/Youden index, and Kaplan–Meier curves, HMMR was higher in B-ALL (p < 0.0001) and high expression associated with poor outcomes (p < 0.05).

LanguageEnglish

CategoryHealthcare

FormatPDF

Pages15

Reading Time38 min

AccessFree to download

Introduction

Childhood cancer and leukemia burden

Diagnostic criteria and risk stratification

Survival differences and determinants

Article Hyaluronan-Mediated Motility Receptor (HMMR) Overexpression Is Correlated with Poor Survival in Patients with B-ALL Josselen Carina Ramírez-Chiquito 1,2, Vanessa Villegas-Ruíz 1, Isabel Medina-Vera 3, Itzel Sánchez-Cruz 1, Christian Lizette Frías-Soria 4, Marcela Concepción Caballero Palacios 5, Gabriela Antonio-Andrés 6, Alejandra Elizabeth Rubio-Portillo 1, Liliana Velasco-Hidalgo 5, Mario Perezpeña-Diazconti 4,7, Cesar Alejandro Galván-Diaz 5, Norma Candelaria López-Santiago 8, Sara Huerta-Yepez 6 and Sergio Juárez-Méndez 1,4, * Academic Editor: Luca LoNigro Received: 3 December 2024 Revised: 6 January 2025 Accepted: 13 January 2025 Published: 16 January 2025 Citation: Ramírez-Chiquito, J.C.; Villegas-Ruíz, V.; Medina-Vera, I.; Sánchez-Cruz, I.; Frías-Soria, C.L.; Caballero Palacios, M.C.; Antonio-Andrés, G.; Rubio-Portillo, A.E.; Velasco-Hidalgo, L.; Perezpeña-Diazconti, M.; et al. Hyaluronan-Mediated Motility Receptor (HMMR) Overexpression Is Correlated with Poor Survival in Patients with B-ALL. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26, 744. [https://doi.org/](https://doi.org/)[ ](https://doi.org/)[10.3390/ijms26020744](10.3390/ijms26020744) Copyright: © 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://creativecommons.org/](https://creativecommons.org/)[ ](https://creativecommons.org/)[licenses/by/4.0/](licenses/by/4.0/)) . 1 Experimental Oncology Laboratory, National Institute of Pediatrics, Mexico City 04530, Mexico; [carina-rc@outlook.com](carina-rc@outlook.com) (J.C.R.-C.); [vanessavillegasruiz@yahoo.com.mx](vanessavillegasruiz@yahoo.com.mx) (V.V.-R.); [itzeuchan@hotmail.com](itzeuchan@hotmail.com) (I.S.-C.); [alejandra.rubio.portillo@gmail.com](alejandra.rubio.portillo@gmail.com) (A.E.R.-P.) 2 Postgraduate in Biological Sciences, Postgraduate Unit, Building D, 1st Floor, Postgraduate Circuit, University City, Coyoacán, Mexico City 04510, Mexico 3 Research Methodology Department, National Institute of Pediatrics, Mexico City 04530, Mexico; [isabelj.medinav@gmail.com](isabelj.medinav@gmail.com) 4 Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, National Institute of Pediatrics, Mexico City 04530, Mexico; [christian.frias@cinvestav.mx](christian.frias@cinvestav.mx) (C.L.F.-S.); [mpdiazconti@gmail.com](mpdiazconti@gmail.com) (M.P.-D.) 5 Department of Pediatric Oncology, National Institute of Pediatrics, Mexico City 04530, Mexico; [doc.marce1602@gmail.com](doc.marce1602@gmail.com) (M.C.C.P.); [lilianavh@hotmail.com](lilianavh@hotmail.com) (L.V.-H.); [cesargalvan@mac.com](cesargalvan@mac.com) (C.A.G.-D.) 6 Oncology Research Unit, Hospital Infantil de México, Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; [gabya_24@yahoo.com.mx](gabya_24@yahoo.com.mx) (G.A.-A.); [shuertay@gmail.com](shuertay@gmail.com) (S.H.-Y.) 7 Department of Pathology, National Institute of Pediatrics, Mexico City 04530, Mexico 8 Department of Hematology, National Institute of Pediatrics, Mexico City 04530, Mexico; [nolsa99@yahoo.com](nolsa99@yahoo.com) * Correspondence: [sjuarezm@pediatria.gob.mx](sjuarezm@pediatria.gob.mx) Abstract: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a malignant neoplasm with the highest incidence in the pediatric population. Although the 5-year overall survival is greater than 85%, in emerging countries such as Mexico, the mortality rate is high. In Mexico, B-ALL is the most common type of childhood cancer; different characteristics suggest the presence of the disease; however, the prognosis is dependent on clinical and laboratory features, and no adverse prognostic molecular marker for B-ALL has yet been identified. The present research aimed to identify the prognostic value of HMMR expression in pediatric patients with B-ALL. The differential expression profile of B-ALL cells was determined via in silico analysis, and HMMR expression wa

FAQs

What was the main purpose of this research on HMMR in B-ALL?

To determine whether HMMR expression has prognostic value in pediatric patients with B-ALL and whether it could serve as an early molecular marker or target.

How was HMMR expression measured in the study?

B-ALL differential expression was assessed by in silico analysis, and HMMR expression was measured using qRT–PCR and immunocytochemistry.

What statistical and analytical methods supported the conclusions?

The study used ROUT, Kolmogorov–Smirnov Z, and Mann–Whitney U tests, then constructed ROC curves and Youden index, and plotted Kaplan–Meier survival curves.

Sep 23, 2026

Uploaded by Lucas Martin