How to extract leucocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma using a commercial platelet concentration system developed to obtain leucocyte-rich platelet-rich plasma - A pilot study

Q: What is the purpose of the modified PRP extraction protocol in this pilot study?

To modify and characterise a protocol for a commercial device so it can consistently extract leucocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma (LP-PRP) while using the same components intended for leucocyte-rich PRP (LR-PRP).

Q: How were platelet and leucocyte distributions evaluated in the device?

Eight healthy adults’ blood was processed with the GPS® III system, and samples were collected during the procedure to characterise how platelets and leucocytes distribute within the device according to manufacturer guidelines.

Q: What were the key findings when comparing the modified protocol to the standard LR-PRP protocol?

The modified technique produced significantly lower platelet and leucocyte concentrations, while the resulting LP-PRP showed only a small reduction in platelet concentration and a substantial reduction in leucocyte concentration.

Sep 29, 2026

Uploaded by WPS_1790064749

Develop and characterise a modified protocol for a commercial leucocyte-rich platelet-rich plasma preparation device (GPS® III Platelet Concentration System) to enable consistent extraction of leucocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma using the same components. Two-stage pilot study used eight healthy adults to map platelet and leucocyte distribution and then validated a new LP-PRP protocol in 20 individuals compared with the standard device protocol. Results showed markedly reduced leucocytes and platelets with minimal platelet concentration loss.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryHealthcare

FormatPDF

Pages9

Reading Time23 min

AccessFree to download

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Introduction

Rationale for PRP standardisation

Role of platelets and leucocytes in outcomes

Study aim

DOI: 10.1002/jeo2.70597 ORIGINAL PA PER How to extract leucocyte‐poor platelet‐rich plasma using a commercial platelet concentration system developed to obtain leucocyte‐rich platelet‐rich plasma: A pilot study Theodorakys Marín Fermín 1 | Ayyoub Abood Mohammed Al‐Dolaymi2,3 | Jorge Díaz Heredia4,5 | Salvador Álvarez Villar4 | Emmanouil Papakostas6 | Miguel Ángel Ruiz Ibán4,5 1Clínica Santa Sofía, Caracas, Venezuela 2Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Military Medical City Hospital, Doha, Qatar 3College of Medicine, University of Anbar, Anbar, Iraq 4Shoulder and Elbow Unit, Orthopaedic Surgery and Trauma Service, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain 5Facultad de Medicina, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain 6Department of Surgery, Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar Correspondence Miguel Ángel Ruiz Ibán. Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, carretera de Colmenar (M‐607) km 9100, Madrid 28034, Spain. Email: [drmri@hotmail.com](drmri@hotmail.com) Abstract Purpose: To develop and characterise a modiﬁcation of the preparation protocol of a commercial leucocyte‐rich platelet‐rich plasma (LR‐PRP) preparation device (the GPS® III Platelet Concentration System, Biomet, USA) that allows for consistent leucocyte‐poor platelet‐rich plasma (LP‐PRP) extraction using the same components. Methods: The study included two stages. In the ﬁrst, the blood of eight healthy adults was processed using the GPS® III Platelet Concentration System (Biomet, USA) . Samples were obtained to characterise platelet and leucocyte distribution in the system during the procedure per the manufacturer′s guidelines. In the second, based on the initial results, the standard preparation protocol that yields LR‐PRP was modiﬁed to establish a new protocol for obtaining LP‐PRP. To conclude, the newly proposed procedure was validated in 20 individuals, using both the traditional and modiﬁed protocols simultaneously. Results: The characterisation of the commercial system suggested aspeciﬁc distribution of blood components within the device: most leucocytes were found in the plasma collected through side port \#3 (red cap) without waving or shaking the tube, whereas platelets in the sediment between the buoys were released when the tube was waved or shaken. When comparing to the standard protocol, the modiﬁed technique consistently yielded signiﬁcantly lower platelet (MD −205 ×103 platelets/μL, 95% conﬁdence interval [CI], 92 . 1–317 ×103 platelets/μL, <0 .0001) and leucocyte concentrations (MD −19 .0 ×103 leucocytes/μL, 95% CI, 14 .1–23.9 ×103 leucocytes/μL, p < 0 .0001) but the obtained LP‐PRP had only 18 . 1% lower platelet concentration (95% CI, 6 .71%–29 .4%, p < 0 .0001) and a relevant 75 .3% lower leucocyte concentration (95% CI, 69 .6%–81%, p < 0 .0001) . Conclusions: The proposed modiﬁed PRP extraction protocol greatly reduced leucocyte concentrations with a minimal reduction in the platelet Abbreviations: ANOVA, analysis of variance; CI, conﬁdence interval; LP‐PRP, leucocyte‐poor platelet‐rich plasma; LR‐PRP, leucocyte‐rich platelet‐rich plasma; MD, mean difference; PPP, platelet‐poor plasma; PRP, platelet‐rich plasma. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. © 2026 The Author(s) . Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Society of Sports Traumatology, Knee Surgery and Arthroscopy. concentrations, enabling LP‐PRP preparation with the same commercial device without the need for additional supplies. Level of Evidence: Level III. K EYW ORDS closed system, leucocyte concentration, orthobiologics, platelet concentration, platelet‐rich plasma INTRODUCTION Platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) was ﬁrst described in 1970 as a plasma portion from autologous whole blood obtained after

FAQs

What is the purpose of the modified PRP extraction protocol in this pilot study?

To modify and characterise a protocol for a commercial device so it can consistently extract leucocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma (LP-PRP) while using the same components intended for leucocyte-rich PRP (LR-PRP).

How were platelet and leucocyte distributions evaluated in the device?

Eight healthy adults’ blood was processed with the GPS® III system, and samples were collected during the procedure to characterise how platelets and leucocytes distribute within the device according to manufacturer guidelines.

What were the key findings when comparing the modified protocol to the standard LR-PRP protocol?

The modified technique produced significantly lower platelet and leucocyte concentrations, while the resulting LP-PRP showed only a small reduction in platelet concentration and a substantial reduction in leucocyte concentration.

Sep 29, 2026

Uploaded by WPS_1790064749