Gender-specific outcomes of low-dose computed tomography screening for lung cancer detection - A retrospective study in Chinese never-smoker population

Q: What population and study design were used to assess LDCT screening outcomes?

The study used a single-center retrospective cohort of 42,018 asymptomatic participants undergoing LDCT screening. The analysis focused on never-smokers in a Chinese population.

Q: What were the key findings regarding pulmonary nodules by gender?

Pulmonary nodules were identified in 2.66% of participants. Female participants showed a higher nodule prevalence than males (2.99% vs. 2.43%).

Q: How did gender influence biopsy and confirmed lung cancer diagnoses?

Invasive biopsies were performed for 334 participants with nodules, confirming lung cancer in 258 cases. Never-smoking women had a higher incidence of positive nodules and a higher likelihood of undergoing biopsies (OR 1.65), with a higher but not statistically significant diagnostic probability (OR 1.84, p=0.06).

Sep 21, 2026

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Objectives evaluate sex-based differences in low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening outcomes for lung cancer detection among Chinese never-smokers. Methods use a single-center retrospective cohort analyzing LDCT screening results for 42,018 asymptomatic participants, focusing on gender-specific prevalence of pulmonary nodules and subsequent lung cancer diagnoses. Results show 41.50% females and 58.50% males, nodules in 2.66% with higher female prevalence. Biopsies confirm cancer in 258 cases, with higher female incidence among non-smokers. Multivariate analysis indicates never-smoking women more often undergo biopsies and have a higher, borderline diagnostic likelihood. Conclusion highlights sex-related differences for clinical reference and future research.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryResearch & Report

FormatPDF

Pages11

Reading Time28 min

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Abstract

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Introduction

DOI: 10. 1002/cam4 .70184 RESEAR CH ARTICLE Gender-specific outcomes oflow-dose computed tomography screening for lung cancer detection: A retrospective study in Chinese never-smoker population Huihong Wang1 | Jicheng Xie2 | Yahong Chen3 | Jiang Jin4 | Meixian Zhang5 | TaoHsin Tung5 | Youzu Xu1 1Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China 2Department of radiology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China 3Health Management Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China 4Department of Thoracic Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China 5Public Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China Correspondence Youzu Xu, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, 150 Ximen Street, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang, China. [Email:](Email: xuyz@enzemed.com)[ xuyz@enzemed.com](Email: xuyz@enzemed.com) Abstract Objectives: Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) has emerged as a pivotal tool for detecting lung cancer among ever-smokers. This study aims to evaluate the gender-specific outcomes of LDCT screening within the Chinese neversmoking population. Methods: We conducted a single-center, retrospective cohort study, which analyzed LDCT screening outcomes for 42,018 asymptomatic participants. Specifically, we focused on assessing gender-specific differences in the prevalence of pulmonary nodules, and the incidence of lung cancer diagnosis among never-smokers. Results: Among the 42,018 eligible participants, 41.50% were females and 58.50% were males. Most participants were non-smokers (77.57%), with a significantly higher proportion of non-smokers among females than males (99.33% vs. 62.14%) . Pulmonary nodules were identified in 2.66% of participants, with a higher prevalence in females (2.99%) than males (2.43%) (p <0.001) . Non-smoking females had a higher incidence of positive nodules than non-smoking males (2.98% vs. 2.38%, p <0.001) . Invasive biopsies were performed in 334 individuals with nodules, confirming lung cancer in 258 cases. The majority of these cancer cases were non-smokers (212), with non-smoking females showing a higher incidence (0.85%) compared to males (0.43%) (p <0.001) . There was no significant difference in the false-positive rates between non-smoking females (0.14%) and males (0.13%) . Multivariate analysis showed that never-smoking women were more likely to undergo biopsies (OR 1.65, p = 0.0016) and had a higher, though not statistically significant, probability of lung cancer diagnosis (OR 1.84, p = 0.06) . Conclusion: This study elucidates sex-based differences within the Chinese population, revealing a higher prevalence of pulmonary nodules and lung cancers | Huihong Wang and Jicheng Xie contributed equally to the work. | | --- | | This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
© 2024 The Author(s). Cancer Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. | Cancer Medicine. 2024;13:e70184 . [https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70184](https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.70184) [wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/cam4](wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/cam4) 1 of 11 among non-smoking females. These findings offer valuable reference for both clinical practice and future research initiatives. KEYWORDS gender-specific outcomes, low-dose computed tomography (LDCT), lung cancer, pulmonary nodule 1 | INTRODUCTION Lung cancer remains the second most prevalent cancer and the leading cau

FAQs

What population and study design were used to assess LDCT screening outcomes?

The study used a single-center retrospective cohort of 42,018 asymptomatic participants undergoing LDCT screening. The analysis focused on never-smokers in a Chinese population.

What were the key findings regarding pulmonary nodules by gender?

Pulmonary nodules were identified in 2.66% of participants. Female participants showed a higher nodule prevalence than males (2.99% vs. 2.43%).

How did gender influence biopsy and confirmed lung cancer diagnoses?

Invasive biopsies were performed for 334 participants with nodules, confirming lung cancer in 258 cases. Never-smoking women had a higher incidence of positive nodules and a higher likelihood of undergoing biopsies (OR 1.65), with a higher but not statistically significant diagnostic probability (OR 1.84, p=0.06).

Sep 21, 2026

Uploaded by Riley