GCSE Science Chemistry Higher Tier - End of Year 10 test 2018

Sep 5, 2026

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GCSE Science (Chemistry, Higher Tier) End of Year 10 test 2018 assesses understanding of key chemical reactions and metals. The paper includes questions on magnesium reacting with air to form magnesium oxide, percent by mass calculations, and evaluating sources of mass change and experimental accuracy. It also examines metal occurrence in ores and Earth’s crust, comparative extraction history, production ratios, and reactions in a blast furnace. Further sections cover electrolysis of potassium chloride solution and hydrogen gas measurement.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryExam

FormatPDF

Pages24

Reading Time1 h 0 min

AccessFree to download

End of Year 10 test 2018

Reaction of magnesium with air

Metals: discovery, extraction, and production

Electrolysis of potassium chloride solution

| Please write clearly in block capitals. | | | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Centre number | | Candidate number | | | Surname
Forename(s)
Candidate signature | | | | GCSE SCIENCE CHEMISTRY Higher Tier H End of Year 10 test 2018 Time allowed: 1 hour Materials For this paper you must have: • a ruler • a scientific calculator • the periodic table. Instructions • Use black ink or black ball-point pen. • Fill in the boxes at the top of this page. • Answer all questions in the spaces provided. • Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want to be marked. • In all calculations, show clearly how you work out your answer. Information • The maximum mark for this paper is 60. • The marks for questions are shown in brackets. • You are expected to use a calculator where appropriate. • You are reminded of the need for good English and clear presentation in your answers. | For Examiner’s Use | | | --- | --- | | Question | Mark | | 1 | | | 2 | | | 3 | | | 4 | | | 5 | | | 6 | | | 7 | | | TOTAL | | 2 Do not write outside the box 0 1 A student investigated the reaction of magnesium with air. The equation for the reaction is: 2Mg(s) + O2(g) → 2MgO(s) Figure 1 shows the apparatus the student used. Figure 1 This is the method used. 1. Measure the mass of a crucible and lid. 2. Add magnesium ribbon to the crucible. 3. Measure the mass of the crucible, lid and magnesium ribbon. 4. Heat the crucible and magnesium ribbon for 10 minutes. 5. Lift the lid of the crucible every few minutes. 6. Weigh the crucible, lid and product (magnesium oxide) after heating. Table 1 shows the student’s results. Table 1 | Mass of crucible and lid | 52.34 g | | --- | --- | | Mass of crucible, lid and magnesium ribbon | 52.52 g | | Mass of crucible, lid and product after heating for 10 minutes | 52.63 g | 3 Do not write outside the box 0 1 . 1 Calculate the percentage by mass of magnesium in the product. You should first determine: • the mass of magnesium • the mass of the product. [3 marks] Mass of magnesium = g Mass of product = g Percentage of magnesium = % 0 1 . 2 Explain why the reaction appears to involve a change in mass. [2 marks] | | | --- | | | | | Question 1 continues on the next page 4 Do not write outside the box | 0 | 1 | . | 3 | What improvement could the student make to obtain a more accurate result?
Tick one box.
Add more magnesium to the crucible.
Heat the crucible, lid and product until the mass is constant. Use a balance measuring to one decimal place.
Use a clock instead of a stopwatch.
[1 mark]

The student repeated the investigation.
The student used:
• the same crucible and lid
• the same mass of magnesium.
The student did not lift the lid of the crucible during heating.
The student obtained a much lower value for the mass of crucible, lid and product in the second investigation.
Suggest one reason why.
[1 mark] | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | | | | | | | | 0 | 1 | . | 4 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 7 | | | | | | | | 5 Do not write outside the box Turn over for the next question DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE ANSWER IN THE SPACES PROVIDED 6 Do not write outside the box 0 2 Table 2 shows information about some metals. Table 2 | Metal | Date of discovery and extraction | Percentage (%) of metal in ore | Percentage (%) of Earth’s crust containing metal | Annual production in kg | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Aluminium | 1825 | 28.0 | 8.0 | 5.76 × 1010 | | Gold | approximately 3000 BC | Occurs as
metal | 0.004 | 3.1 × 106 | | Iron | approximately 3000 BC | 29.0 | 5.0 | 1.15 × 1012 | 0 2 . 1 Why is gold found in the Earth as the pure metal? [ 1 mark] 0 2 . 2 Aluminium is the most common metal in the Earth’s crust. Suggest why iron was

FAQs

How is the percentage by mass of magnesium in magnesium oxide calculated?

Determine the mass of magnesium and the mass of the product after heating, then use the percentage by mass formula based on those two values.

What improvement helps the student obtain a more accurate result for the magnesium investigation?

Heating until the mass is constant and using a balance that measures to one decimal place would improve accuracy.

What is the purpose of electrolysis in the experiment with potassium chloride solution?

Electrolysis is used to produce hydrogen gas, and the volume of hydrogen formed in a fixed time is recorded for different masses of potassium chloride.

Sep 5, 2026

Upload by Patrick