From Resource Seekers to Resource Creators - Pakistani ESL Teachers’ Experiences and Insights on Using ChatGPT

Aug 28, 2026

Uploaded by Hazel

Technological progress reshaped education through digital devices, internet access, and ICT, while generative AI introduces new possibilities for teachers. In ELT, culturally appropriate and tailor-made learning materials remain a persistent challenge. This study examined how ChatGPT can support teachers in generating relevant lesson plans and learning materials aligned with students’ needs. A workshop on prompt engineering trained 21 MPhil-level teachers, followed by evaluation and reflective reporting and focus-group feedback.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryResearch & Report

FormatPDF

Pages30

Reading Time1 h 16 min

AccessFree to download

Introduction

Prompt Engineering

Journal of Arts and Linguistics Studies ISSN Print 2959-0957 ISSN Online 2959-0965 Volume 4 Issue 6 2026 Pages 55-84 Open Access From Resource Seekers to Resource Creators: Pakistani ESL Teachers’ Experiences and Insights on Using ChatGPT Publication Details Paper Received: April 05, 2026 Paper Accepted: June 16, 2026 Paper Published: June 18, 2026 Dr. Sameera Sultan Assistant Professor, Iqra University, Karachi, Pakistan. Email: [sameera.sultan@iqra.edu.pk](sameera.sultan@iqra.edu.pk) Article DOI: [https://doi.org/10.71281/jals.v4i6.677](https://doi.org/10.71281/jals.v4i6.677) Abstract Technological advancement has transformed every area of activity and education is no exception. Education has significantly benefitted from different technological tools be it digital devices, internet access, and ICT. However, the rise of artificial intelligence, especially generative AI, has the potential to empower the teacher in ways not seen before. In the context of ELT (English Language Teaching), the lack of culturally appropriate and tailor-made learning material has been a persistent challenge facing teachers and students. This study explored the ability of ChatGPT to help teachers overcome this issue and generate useful and relevant lesson plans with learning material to address their students’ needs effectively. A workshop was designed and conducted to teach prompt engineering to 21 teachers enrolled in the English Language Teaching Methods course at the MPhil level at a Pakistani private university. The teachers were then asked to design lesson plans with accompanying learning material. These lesson plans and instructional materials were evaluated for cultural appropriateness and relevance to students’ needs. In addition, the teachers wrote a reflective account of their experience using ChatGPT after the training and also participated in a focus group discussion to share their views. The findings indicated that Chat GPT is a powerful tool that enabled teachers to realize their ideas and create relevant and useful material, as well as detailed lesson plans containing guidelines for implementation. Hence, this study recommends that Chat GPTbe introduced as a capable materials developer, whose potential can only be unlocked through effective prompt engineering. Keywords: Prompt Engineering, English Language Teaching, Lesson Planning, Materials Development, Artificial Intelligence. Published by MIARD. Copyright: © the author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY NC) license ([https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/](https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/)). 1. Introduction The pedagogic potential of technology is a well-established field of study. Previously, technological tools such as tape recorders, videos, projectors, multimedia were adopted owing to their ability to enhance students’ learning experiences and make teaching easier and more effective. With further advancements in technology, educational software, games, and information and communications technology garnered attention and have proved to be great pedagogical tools. Currently, artificial intelligence (AI) tools, especially with the launch of Chat GPT, have become the focal point of discussion as educational and pedagogic tools. Hence, this paper explores the pedagogic potential of Chat GPTas a developer of educational material. Chat GPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer), a Generative AI tool, is a large language model designed to generate human-like speech and text based on specific inputs also called prompts (Van den Berg & du Plessis, 2023; Kasneci et al., 2023; Brando et al., 2024) . It can act as an advanced chat box which can answer queries and provide information demanded by the input (Hong, 2023) . Imitating human like text, Chat GPT can use a variety of communicative styles. Even though it uses a wide variety of sou

FAQs

How does the study describe ChatGPT’s potential for teachers in ELT?

The study frames ChatGPT as a generative AI tool that can help teachers create useful, relevant lesson plans and learning materials. It emphasizes guidance through prompt engineering to unlock this potential.

What training activity was conducted in the workshop?

A workshop was designed and delivered to 21 teachers. The workshop taught prompt engineering within an English Language Teaching Methods course at the MPhil level.

How were the resulting lesson plans and materials assessed?

Teachers designed lesson plans with accompanying learning materials after the training. The lesson plans and instructional materials were evaluated for cultural appropriateness and relevance to students’ needs, and teachers also provided reflective accounts and participated in a focus group.

Aug 28, 2026

Uploaded by Hazel