Female Reproductive System Neoplasms in Neotropical Primates - Original Article - Open Access

Sep 23, 2026

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Background: No prior descriptions exist of the prevalence of spontaneous female reproductive neoplasms in neotropical primates. Methods: A 6-year review of pathological records from the Anatomy Pathology Sector at Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (SAP/UFRuralRJ) analyzed all female Platyrrhini primate taxa with primary reproductive neoplasms. Results: Overall prevalence from 2019–2024 was 2.6% (6/228); ovarian neoplasms were classified as lesions without clinical significance, while uterine adenocarcinomas occurred in 50% (3/6) and caused death in all cases. Conclusions: No significant prevalence differences were found between ovarian and uterine spontaneous presentations; uterine adenocarcinomas should be considered a potential cause of death.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryHealthcare

FormatPDF

Pages5

Reading Time13 min

AccessFree to download

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Introduction

Materials and Methods

Necropsy, Histopathology, and Immunohistochemistry (IHC)

Results

Journal of Medical Primatology ORIGINAL ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS Female Reproductive System Neoplasms in Neotropical Primates Asheley H. B. Pereira1 | Fernanda C. Rocha1 | Marcos P. S. Carvalho1 | Bruna E. P. Barbosa2,3 | Daniel A. Balthazar4 | Silvia B. Moreira5 | Alcides Pissinatti5 | Daniel G. Ubiali1 1Pathological Anatomy Sector (SAP), Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Veterinary Institute, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil | 2BioParque Do Rio, Quinta da Boa Vista, São Cristóvão, RJ, Brazil | 3Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain | 4Departament of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Institute, UFRRJ, Seropédica, Brazil | 5Rio de Janeiro Primatology Center (CPRJ/INEA), Guapimirim, Brazil Correspondence: Daniel G. Ubiali ([danielubiali@ufrrj.br](danielubiali@ufrrj.br)) Received: 16 April 2025 | Revised: 4 June 2025 | Accepted: 11 June 2025 Keywords: female reproductive health | ovarian neoplasms | uterine neoplasms ABSTRACT Background: There are no previous descriptions of the prevalence of spontaneous female reproductive neoplasms in neotropical primates. Methods: A 6-year study of pathological records from the Anatomy Pathology Sector from the Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (SAP/UFRuralRJ) was conducted. All cases of female nonhuman primate taxa belonging to the Platyrrhini parvorder with primary reproductive neoplasms were studied. Results: The overall prevalence of female reproductive neoplasms in neotropical primates from 2019 to 2024 was 2.6%(6/228) . Ovarian neoplasms were all classified as lesions without clinical significance. Uterine adenocarcinomas were observed in 50%(3/6) and were considered the cause of death in all cases. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that there are no significant differences in the prevalence of ovarian and uterine spontaneous neoplasm presentation in neotropical primates. Despite the low prevalence, uterine adenocarcinomas should be included as a potential cause of neotropical primate deaths. 1 | Introduction Knowledge of nonhuman primate reproductive health is essential for medical and conservation sciences. The number of species and subspecies recognized as comprising the Platyrrhiniparvorder, the neotropical primates, has increased considerably since the early 20th century. Currently, 218 different taxa are grouped into 24 genera and five families [1] . Several studies have described the anatomical and physiological features of the reproductive system in different neotropical primate species [2–6] . Herein, we describe the epidemiological and clinicopathological features of spontaneous female reproductive neoplasms in neotropical nonhuman primates. 2 | Materials and Methods The diagnostic reports from the Anatomy Pathology Sector of Federal University Rural of Rio de Janeiro (SAP/UFRuralRJ) from January 2019 to December 2024 were reviewed. All cases of female nonhuman primate taxa belonging to the Platyrrhiniparvorder with primary reproductive neoplasms were incorporated into this study. The epidemiological data regarding sex and age in each case were obtained from the technical veterinarian of the colonies. All procedures were conducted in full compliance and approval by the Brazilian Ministry of the Environment (SISBIO 30939-12) . All neoplasm cases were categorized according to the 2020 WHO classification criteria for female genital tumors [7] . This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. © 2025 The Author(s). Journal of Medical Primatology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Journal of Medical Primatology, 2025; 54:e70027 1 of 5 [https://doi.org/10.1111/jmp.70027](https://doi.org/10.1111/jmp.70027) 2.1 | Necropsy, Histopathology, and Immunohistochemistry (IHC) In the cases of

FAQs

What was the primary background motivation of the study?

The study addressed the lack of previous descriptions of the prevalence of spontaneous female reproductive neoplasms in neotropical primates.

How were cases selected and studied over time?

Pathology reports from SAP/UFRuralRJ were reviewed for January 2019 to December 2024, including female Platyrrhini taxa with primary reproductive neoplasms.

What were the main results regarding prevalence and tumor significance?

The overall prevalence was 2.6% (6/228); ovarian neoplasms were considered lesions without clinical significance, while uterine adenocarcinomas accounted for 50% (3/6) and caused death in all observed cases.

Sep 23, 2026

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