FEASIBILITY PILOT OF PERSONALIZED DIETARY INTERVENTION TO IMPROVE METABOLITE PROFILING AND DIABETES OUTCOMES

Sep 29, 2026

Effective dietary modification is crucial for managing type 2 diabetes in older adults, helping regulate blood glucose and prevent severe complications. Challenges include heterogeneous metabolic responses, cultural food preferences, and low adherence, especially among ethnic minority populations. A NIH-funded 4-week feasibility pilot tested Personalized Behavioral Nutrition in 12 older Korean Americans with type 2 diabetes. Diet and fasting glucose were assessed, then individualized nutrient-focused recommendations were delivered with digital self-monitoring using mobile apps and wearables. Serum metabolite profiling identified 28 consistent metabolites out of 203, with intervention-related increases in ornithine and nitrogen-processing markers and propionate consistent with higher fiber intake. Clinically, HbA1C and fasting glucose decreased, supporting feasibility and potential metabolic and biomarker benefits.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryHealthcare

FormatPDF

Pages2

Reading Time5 min

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Abstract

Background and rationale

Study design and intervention

Outcomes and metabolite findings

Clinical changes and implications

1232 Innovation in Aging, 2025, Vol. 9, No. S2 Abstract citation ID: igaf122.4121 FEASIBILITY PILOT OF PERSONALIZED DIETARY INTERVENTION TO IMPROVE METABOLITE PROFILING AND DIABETES OUTCOMES Jisook Ko1, Jane Chung2, and Chun-Liang Chen3, 1. University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States, 2. Emory Innovation in Aging, 2025, Vol. 9, No. S2 1233 University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States, 3. UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States Effective dietary modification is crucial for managing type 2 diabetes in older adults, as it helps regulate blood glucose and prevent further severe complications. However, varying metabolic responses, cultural food choices, and low adherence present challenges, especially for ethnic minority populations. We conducted a NIH-funded 4-week feasibility pilot of Personalized Behavioral Nutrition (PBN) in 12 older Korean Americans with type 2 diabetes. The PBN program began with a 7-day assessment of diet and fasting blood glucose prior to the intervention, followed by individualized recommendations targeting three specific nutrients delivered by an interventionist. Participants were involved in digital self-monitoring of food intake and fasting glucose using mobile apps and wearable devices during the intervention period. Measures included serum metabolite profiling to assess PBN adherence, lipids panel, fasting glucose, and HbA1C which were collected at baseline and 4 weeks. Analysis of serum samples identified 28 metabolites consistently present at both time points out of 203 measured. Following the intervention, increases in ornithine, D-ribulose-5-phosphate, L-arginine, urea, and 3-methylhistidine were found, suggesting changes in protein metabolism and nitrogen processing, possibly linked to higher B vitamin intake. Increased propionate indicated greater gut microbial fermentation, likely due to higher fiber consumption. Clinically, participants demonstrated a reduction in HbA1C and fasting glucose levels. These findings show that a personalized, culturally informed dietary approach is feasible and may improve metabolic outcomes in older adults with type 2 diabetes. Metabolite profiling can further help identify biomarkers and inform precision nutrition strategies for the geriatric population.

FAQs

What was the main goal of the feasibility pilot?

To test whether Personalized Behavioral Nutrition is feasible and can improve metabolic outcomes in older adults with type 2 diabetes, while using metabolite profiling to assess adherence and related changes.

How was the intervention delivered and monitored?

Participants completed a 7-day assessment of diet and fasting blood glucose, then received individualized recommendations targeting three specific nutrients delivered by an interventionist. During the 4-week period, they used mobile apps and wearable devices for digital self-monitoring of food intake and fasting glucose.

What metabolite and clinical changes were observed after the intervention?

Serum profiling showed increases in ornithine, D-ribulose-5-phosphate, L-arginine, urea, and 3-methylhistidine, with increased propionate suggesting greater gut microbial fermentation likely from higher fiber intake. Clinically, HbA1C and fasting glucose levels were reduced.

Sep 29, 2026

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