Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Strobilanthes Crispus - Continuous Ultrasound Assisted Extraction as Antihypercholesterol Drug Preparation

Aug 26, 2026

Uploaded by Asher

Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (UAE) offers a greener approach to improve extraction yield and shorten extraction time compared with conventional solvent-intensive methods such as soxhlet, maceration, percolation, and reflux. This study applies Continuous Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (CUAE) to extract Strobilanthes crispus leaves and obtain total phenolic compounds with antihypercholesterol potential. Extraction variables include time and temperature under fixed operational settings. The highest Total Phenolic Content (TPC) reached 2.864 mg GAE/g at 50 °C for 10 minutes, measured by UV-Vis. GC-MS indicated antihypercholesterol-active compounds including octadecanoic acid and hexadesenoic acid.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryResearch & Report

FormatPDF

Pages6

Reading Time15 min

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Abstract

Introduction

Material and Methods

Chemical and Raw Material

Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Strobilanthes Crispus with Continuous Ultrasound Assisted Extraction as Antihypercholesterol Drug Preparation Probo Kusuma Ningtyas d) , Tania Surya Utamia), Yuswan Muharamb) , and Rita Arbianti c) Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Jakarta, Indonesia a) [Corresponding Author:](Corresponding Author: nana@che.ui.ac.id)[ ](Corresponding Author: nana@che.ui.ac.id)[nana@che.ui.ac.id](Corresponding Author: nana@che.ui.ac.id) b)[muharam@che.ui.ac.id](muharam@che.ui.ac.id) c)[arbianti@che.ui.ac.id](arbianti@che.ui.ac.id) d)[probo.kusuma@ui.ac.id](probo.kusuma@ui.ac.id) Abstract. Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (UAE) is a green extraction method which is one solution to increase yield and speedup extraction time. Research using conventional methods such as soxhlet, maceration, percolation and reflux has been carried out and has several weaknesses, including low yield, low selectivity and the use of large volumes of solvent, causing safety and environmental problems. The method used in this research is the Continuous Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (CUAE) method, which is one of the green extraction methods for extracting various types of compounds. The purpose of this study was to extract the leaves of Strobilanthes Crispus to obtain the total content of phenolic compounds and compounds that have antihypercholesterol activity. Extraction was carried out using various variables, namely extraction time and extraction temperature. The operating conditions used in this study were sample size 0.585 mm, cellulase enzyme concentration 30 mg/g, 50% ethanol concentration and the use of a sonicator with a frequency of 53 kHz and temperatures of 30 °C, 40 °C, 50 °C and 60 °C. The highest Total Phenolic Content (TPC) obtained by quantitative test using UV-Vis Spectrophotometer in this study was at a temperature of 50 °C at 2.864 mg GAE/g sample for 10 minutes of extraction. This shows that by using the Continuous Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (CUAE) method, it can speedup the extraction process with optimal results. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was used as a quantitative test of compounds having antihypercholesterol activity. The test results show that the extraction of Strobilanthes Crispus leaves using the Continuous Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (CUAE) method can produce several compounds that have activity that can be used as antihypercholesterol drugs, including octadecanoic acid and hexadesenoic acid. INTRODUCTION The strobilanthes crispus plant is a family of Acanthaceae originates from Madagascar [1]. Strobilanthes crispus is herbal plant that is widely renowned for its health advantages. It is classed as a bush plant. The phenolic chemicals found in strobilanthes crispus leaf extract have antioxidant properties. Phenolic acids and flavonoids are the most abundant components in the ethanolic extract of strobilanthes crispus [2]. Herbal plants are extracted in order to obtain the active substances inherent inside them so that they can be used. Maceration, soxhlet, reflux, and percolation are all common procedures for extracting active chemicals from medicinal plants. These methods have a number of disadvantages, including low selectivity, low yield, and the use of huge volumes of organic solvents, which can lead to safety and environmental issues [3]. Green extraction is a low-energy extraction technology that allows for the use of alternative solvents and renewable natural resources, as well as the production of safe and high-quality [4]. Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), and other green extraction methods have been widely used in research. One of the green extraction technologies that will be employed in this study to extract strobilanthes crispus is Continuous Ultrasound Assiste

FAQs

Why are green extraction methods important for phenolic compound recovery?

Green extraction reduces energy use and allows alternative, safer solvents and renewable resources. It also addresses safety and environmental issues linked to conventional solvent-heavy methods.

Which CUAE extraction conditions produced the highest Total Phenolic Content (TPC)?

The highest TPC occurred at 50 °C with a 10-minute extraction time, yielding 2.864 mg GAE/g sample as measured by UV-Vis Spectrophotometer.

How were antihypercholesterol-active compounds identified?

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was used for quantitative assessment of compounds with antihypercholesterol activity.

What benefit does enzymatic pretreatment provide in the CUAE process?

Enzymes break down plant cell walls, increasing cell permeability. This improves solvent penetration and enhances overall extraction yield while shortening extraction time.

Aug 26, 2026

Uploaded by Asher