Exploring the impact of the prognostic nutritional index and novel inflammatory markers on the prognosis of patients with hypostatic pneumonia - Cohort Study

Q: Which prognostic indices were evaluated for hypostatic pneumonia outcomes?

The study evaluated the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY) index to assess prognosis.

Q: How were patients grouped in the analysis?

Patients were retrospectively analyzed and divided into good prognosis (n=153) and poor prognosis (n=47) groups based on survival status 28 days after admission.

Q: What did the ROC curve results show about predictive performance?

The combination of NLR, PNI, and CALLY yielded the highest predictive accuracy with an AUC of 0.864, outperforming each index alone.

Sep 29, 2026

Uploaded by CatatanPagi

This retrospective cohort study evaluated whether the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY) index improve prognostic assessment in hypostatic pneumonia. Clinical data from 200 patients admitted between January 2020 and December 2023 were analyzed by 28-day survival outcome (good: n=153; poor: n=47). PNI and CALLY were lower in poor prognosis, while NLR was higher. ROC analysis showed AUCs of 0.794 (PNI), 0.829 (NLR), 0.789 (CALLY), and 0.864 for combined indices, indicating superior predictive utility of the three-marker combination.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryHealthcare

FormatPDF

Pages6

Reading Time15 min

AccessFree to download

Objective

Patients and Methods

Study design and data processing

Prognostic indices and ROC evaluation

Results

Conclusions

Keywords

Introduction

Disease background and clinical rationale

Nutritional and inflammatory indicators (PNI, NLR, CALLY)

Cohort Study Exploring the impact of the prognostic nutritional index and novel inflammatory markers on the prognosis of patients with hypostatic pneumonia Tao Yu, MMa ,*, Xiaolu Zheng, BSca , Zhijia Zhao, MMb Objective: This study explored the clinical utility of the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and Creactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY) index for the prognostic evaluation of patients with hypostatic pneumonia. Patients and Methods: The clinical data from 200 patients with hypostatic pneumonia admitted to a single hospital between January 2020 and December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups based on their survival status at 28 days post-admission: the good prognosis (n = 153) and poor prognosis (n = 47) groups. Data were analyzed and processed using SPSS 22.0. The PNI, NLR, and CALLY indices were calculated for both groups. The prognostic performance of the PNI, NLR, and CALLY index in patients with hypostatic pneumonia was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results: The PNI and CALLY scores for patients with poor prognosis were lower than those with good prognosis, while the opposite was true for the NLR values (P < 0.05) . ROC curve analyses revealed that the respective area under the curve values for the NLR, PNI, CALLY index, and the combination of all three were 0.829, 0.794, 0.789, and 0.864. The combination of the NLR, PNI, and CALLY index provided superior predictive accuracy compared to the individual values. Conclusions: The NLR, PNI, and CALLY index all aid in the reliable prediction of outcomes in patients with hypostatic pneumonia, and the combination of the three provides the highest prognostic utility. Keywords: CALLY index, hypostatic pneumonia, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, prognostic nutritional index Introduction Hypostatic pneumonia is a chronic lung disease that develops gradually. It occurs in patients who have been bedridden for long periods and results from chronic edema and congestion atthe base of the lungs[1] . This pulmonary infection can lead to increased systemic metabolism, potentially causing malnutrition and wasting in some cases. Hypostatic pneumonia typically impairs ventilation, exacerbating underlying hypoxia and increasing the risk of progressive infection and damage to both pulmonary and vascular endothelial cells and tissues. The disease can also compromise treatment and recovery in individuals aDepartment of Critical Care and Respiratory Medicine, People’s Hospital Affiliated With Ningbo University, Ningbo, China and bDepartment of Medical Records Statistics, People’s Hospital Affiliated With Ningbo University, Ningbo, China Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article. *Corresponding author. Address: Department of Critical Care and Respiratory Medicine, People’s Hospital Affiliated With Ningbo University, Ningbo 315100, Zhejiang Province, China. Tel.: 0574-87016981. [E-mail: 846057474@qq.com](E-mail: 846057474@qq.com); [rmyutao@nbu.edu.cn](rmyutao@nbu.edu.cn) (T. Yu). Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. Annals of Medicine & Surgery (2026) 88:119–124 Received 21 June 2025; Accepted 16 November 2025 Published online 3 November 2025 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MS9.0000000000004451](http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MS9.0000000000004451) HIGHLIGHTS ● Global aging is accelerating. ● This is the first investigation of a combination of the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and the inflammation-related neutrophil/lymphocyte r

FAQs

Which prognostic indices were evaluated for hypostatic pneumonia outcomes?

The study evaluated the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY) index to assess prognosis.

How were patients grouped in the analysis?

Patients were retrospectively analyzed and divided into good prognosis (n=153) and poor prognosis (n=47) groups based on survival status 28 days after admission.

What did the ROC curve results show about predictive performance?

The combination of NLR, PNI, and CALLY yielded the highest predictive accuracy with an AUC of 0.864, outperforming each index alone.

Sep 29, 2026

Uploaded by CatatanPagi