El Salvador - Improving Health Care in El Salvador Project - Climate Co-Benefit Assessment

Jul 19, 2026

Climate Co-Benefit Assessment supports a proposed US$120 million World Bank loan to El Salvador for improving health care through a health system based on PHC. The vulnerability context highlights rising temperatures, shifting precipitation, and greater exposure to floods, storms, droughts, landslides, and extreme heat. Climate change is linked to increased health risks including zoonoses, waterborne disease proliferation, and worsening NCD burden. It also outlines project adaptation measures for floods, storms, and prolonged droughts alongside GHG mitigation through component-level actions.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryResearch & Report

FormatPDF

Pages6

Reading Time15 min

El Salvador Vulnerability Context

Climate disasters and risk exposure

Impacts of climate change on health risks

Worsening burden of NCDs

Project adaptation and GHG mitigation measures

Summary table of climate adaptation and mitigation measures

Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized INTERNATIONAL BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT CLIMATE CO-BENEFIT ASSESSMENT ON A PROPOSED LOAN IN THE AMOUNT OF US$120 MILLION TO THE REPUBLIC OF EL SALVADOR FOR AN IMPROVING HEALTH CARE IN EL SALVADOR PROJECT (P506486) This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization. Supporting Document 1: Climate Co-Benefit Assessment El Salvador Vulnerability Context 1. The Project has been screened for short and long-term climate disasters and risks and has been found to be highly exposed, while the potential risk to project activities is Moderate. In the last 30 years, El Salvador has experienced an increase in the occurrence and severity of floods, storms, prolonged droughts, landslides and extreme heat.1 The mean annual temperature in El Salvador has risen by 1.3°Cover the past 60 years. The mean annual temperatures are projected to increase across El Salvador between 1°C-3°C by the 2050s, significantly increasing the likelihood of severe droughts and extreme heat events in the country.2 The average annual precipitation ranges from 1,100-1,500 mm in the interior valleys to 1,800-2,500 mm in the mountains, and the Pacific coastal areas receive approximately 1,700 mm. Projections show a 2 percent – 15 percent decrease in precipitation over the next half century due to climate change.3 2. Climate change is significantly impacting health in El Salvador. El Salvador is a biodiversity hotspot, with hundreds of species calling its rainforests home.4 Changing habitats due to climate change (coupled with ongoing deforestation from El Salvador’s expanding agricultural sector) will result in increased contact between residents of El Salvador and the fauna of its tropical rainforests, raising the risk for zoonoses exposure.5 El Salvador has had cholera outbreaks in its past, and its present rapid rate of urbanization has led to many living in increasingly crowded conditions, so more frequent flooding under climate change is anticipated to provide future opportunities for widespread waterborne disease proliferation.6 3. Climate change and related extreme events are worsening the burden of NCDs in the country. In 2001, extensive crop failure resulting from a prolonged drought led to famine in El Salvador affecting an estimated 1.6 million people.7 With average annual temperatures projected to rise and annual precipitation projected to fall in the changing climate of El Salvador, the nation’s population is facing food insecurity from worse growing conditions and a higher likelihood of total harvest loss.8 Heavy rainfall and extreme floods significantly impact health service delivery and cause damage to health facilities in El Salvador. Energy infrastructure that supports health service delivery, such as power lines and generators, 1 WBB – GFDRR-ThinkHazard. Climate Hazards – El Salvador. [https://thinkhazard.org/en/report/75-el-salvador](https://thinkhazard.org/en/report/75-el-salvador) [2](2 Blanco-G)[ Blanco-G](2 Blanco-G)ó [mez](mez), Pablo, Patricia Jimeno-Sáez, Javier Senent-Aparicio, and Julio Pérez-Sánchez. 2019. “Impact of Climate Change on Water Balance Components and Droughts in the Guajoyo River Basin (El Salvador) .” Water 11 (11): 2360. [https://doi.org/10.3390/w11112360](https://doi.org/10.3390/w11112360) . 3 World Bank – CCKP. (2021) . Climatology – El Salvador. [https://climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org/country/el](https://climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org/country/el)salvador/climate-data-historical. 4 Hartle, Scott. 2019. “Conserving El Salvador’s Bird Biodiversity. Understanding the Coffee Forests Contribution.”[https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.35605.40166](https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.35605.40166) . 5 Ortiz, Diana I., Marta Piche-Ovares, Luis M. Romero-Vega, Jose

FAQs

这份评估报告的目的是什么？

报告用于支撑世行拟向萨尔瓦多提供1.2亿美元贷款，并对“改善萨尔瓦多医疗服务”项目的气候协同效益进行评估。内容重点放在气候风险对健康的影响及项目应对措施。

萨尔瓦多面临哪些关键气候风险？

报告指出萨尔瓦多在过去30年里洪水、风暴、长期干旱、山体滑坡和极端高温的发生频率与强度上升。平均气温在近60年升高，且到2050年代预计增温并导致更严重的干旱与极端高温事件。

项目将如何同时进行气候适应与减缓温室气体排放？

项目拟实施针对气候变化影响的适应措施，主要包括应对洪水、风暴与长期干旱；同时在气候适应与减缓措施表中提出温室气体减缓相关安排。

Jul 19, 2026

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