Effects of Additional Administration of Vitamin D Formula with Anti-Muscarinic Agent for Patient with Overactive Bladder and Vitamin D Deficiency - A Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

Sep 7, 2026

Double blind randomized controlled trial evaluating whether adding a vitamin D formula to anti-muscarinic therapy improves overactive bladder symptoms in patients with vitamin D deficiency. Participants were 1:1 assigned to combined propiverine HCl plus cholecalciferol versus propiverine HCl plus placebo. Primary endpoint assessed change in total overactive bladder symptom score at 4 and 8 weeks, alongside serum 25(OH) vitamin D. Combined treatment increased vitamin D levels and significantly reduced symptom scores at both time points, supporting vitamin D supplementation as a helpful adjunct for symptom relief.

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CategoryHealthcare

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Introduction

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Materials and Methods

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Effects of Additional Administration of Vitamin D Formula with Anti-Muscarinic Agent for Patient with Overactive Bladder and Vitamin D Deficiency: A Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial Original Article Prostate and voiding health pISSN: 2287-4208 / eISSN: 2287-4690 World J Mens Health Published online Feb 13, 2026 [https://doi.org/10.5534/wjmh.250198](https://doi.org/10.5534/wjmh.250198) Sangjun Yoo1,2, Junghoon Lee1,2, Hyeon Jeong1,2, Hwancheol Son1,2, Min Chul Cho1,2 1 Department of Urology, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, 2 Department of Urology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea Purpose: We aimed to confirm the effects of additional administration of vitamin D formula with anti-muscarinic drugs for improving overactive bladder symptoms in overactive bladder patients with vitamin D deficiency using a double blind randomized controlled trial. Materials and Methods: The study population was 1:1 randomly assigned: a treatment group receiving combined propiverine HCl 10 mg and cholecalciferol 1,000 IU daily, and a control group receiving propiverine HCl 10 mg and placebo. Primary outcome was determined as the changes in total overactive bladder symptom score at 4-and 8-weeks after administration of vitamin D preparations. Results: A total of 24 individuals were included for the study and there was no statistically significant difference in the baseline characteristics between groups. After administration serum 25(OH) vitamin D level was higher in the treatment group at post-treatment 4-weeks (12.7 vs. 21.3 ng/mL, p=0.019) and post-treatment 8-weeks (14.4 vs. 22.6 ng/mL, p=0.008) . Total overactive bladder symptom score was significantly reduced in treatment group at post-treatment 4-weeks (-1.2 vs. -4.3, p=0.002) and 8-weeks (-1.6 vs. -4.0, p=0.042) compared to control group. Conclusions: Combined administration of a daily parenteral anti-muscarinic agent and a vitamin D formula improved overactive bladder symptoms in individuals with overactive bladder and vitamin D deficiency compared to administration of an anti-muscarinic agent and placebo. This study confirmed that supplementation of vitamin D might be helpful for relieving overactive bladder symptoms in patients with vitamin D deficiency. Keywords: Muscarinic antagonists; Randomized controlled trial; Urinary bladder, overactive; Vitamin D This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ([http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0)](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0))[ ](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0))[which permits unrestricted non-commercial use](which permits unrestricted non-commercial use), distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. INTRODUCTION Overactive bladder (OAB) is a medical condition characterized by urinary urgency with or without urge incontinence, usually with daytime and nighttime frequency. Although the prevalences of OAB varied according to the studies, OAB reported to be observed 11.8%–35.6% of the entire population [1]. It is known that Received: Jun 18, 2025 Revised: Aug 26, 2025 Accepted: Sep 8, 2025 Published online Feb 13, 2026 Correspondence to: Min Chul Cho [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7288-1706](https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7288-1706) Department of Urology, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, 20 Boramae-ro 5-gil, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 07061, Korea. Tel: +82-2-870-2393, Fax: +82-2-870-2826, E-mail: [cmc1206@empal.com](cmc1206@empal.com) © 2026 Korean Society for Sexual Medicine and Andrology [https://doi.org/10.5534/wjmh.250198](https://doi.org/10.5534/wjmh.250198) OAB not only reduces the quality of life (QoL) on its own [2], but also worsens the QoL when accompanied by other diseases. Patients with OAB symptoms tend to be isolated from social activities and interpersonal relationships, and the actual i

FAQs

What was the purpose of the double blind randomized controlled trial?

To confirm whether adding vitamin D formula to anti-muscarinic drugs improves overactive bladder symptoms in patients with overactive bladder and vitamin D deficiency.

How were participants assigned to treatment groups?

Participants were randomly assigned 1:1 to a treatment group receiving propiverine HCl plus cholecalciferol daily, or a control group receiving propiverine HCl plus placebo.

What were the key findings after vitamin D supplementation?

Serum 25(OH) vitamin D increased significantly in the treatment group, and total overactive bladder symptom scores decreased significantly at 4 and 8 weeks compared with control.

Sep 7, 2026

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