Effect of Psidium guajava Fruit Suspension on Periodontium Following Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Wistar Rats - Histologic Findings

Q: What was the study designed to test about Psidium guajava in orthodontic tooth movement?

The study tested whether oral supplementation with a suspension of P. guajava fruit produces favorable histological changes in the periodontium after orthodontic tooth movement, compared with negative controls.

Q: How were the Wistar rats treated in the intervention and control groups?

Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to intervention and negative control groups and received 250 mg/kg P. guajava fruit suspension or normal saline via oral gavage before undergoing orthodontic treatment and relapse.

Q: What histological outcomes differed between intervention and control groups?

PDL fiber uniformity was higher in the intervention group (70%) while control counterparts showed excessively wide and narrow irregular PDL fiber thickness (90%), and osteoclast numbers also differed significantly between groups (P<0.05).

Sep 30, 2026

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Report the histological changes in rat periodontium after oral supplementation with a suspension of Psidium guajava fruit, compared with negative controls, following orthodontic tooth movement and a relapse protocol. Twenty-four male Wistar rats (8–12 weeks) received 250 mg/kg P. guajava fruit suspension or normal saline via oral gavage. After relapse, left maxillary jaws were excised, processed, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. PDL fiber uniformity improved in the intervention group (70%) versus controls (90% irregularity), and osteoclast counts differed significantly (P<0.05).

LanguageEnglish

CategoryResearch & Report

FormatPDF

Pages8

Reading Time20 min

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Abstract

Introduction

Materials and methods

The Saudi Dental Journal (2026) 38:3 [https://doi.org/10.1007/s44445-025-00108-w](https://doi.org/10.1007/s44445-025-00108-w) Effect of psidium guajava fruit suspension on periodontium following orthodontic tooth movement in wistar rats—histologic findings Arwa Aldeeri1 · Nassr Almuflehi2 · Rita Khounganian3 · Abdullah Aldrees4 Received: 14 September 2025 / Accepted: 7 December 2025 / Published online: 6 January 2026 © The Author(s) 2026 Abstract To report the histological changes in the periodontium after oral supplementation with a suspension of P. guajava fruit in Wistar rats compared with negative controls. A total of 24 male Wistar rats (aged 8–12 weeks) were randomly assigned to the intervention and negative control groups and received 250 mg/kg P. guajava fruit suspension and normal saline, respectively, via oral gavage. Rats underwent orthodontic treatment and a relapse protocol on the left maxillary side. At the end of the relapse period, the rats were sacrificed, and the left maxillary jaw was excised, processed, and stained for histological assessment using Hematoxylin and Eosin. Of 24 enrolled rats, 20 completed the study. PDL fiber uniformity was observed in 70% of rats in the intervention group on both the pressure and tension sides, whereas 90% of their counterparts in the control group exhibited excessively wide and narrow irregular PDL fiber thickness, respectively (P < 0.001) . On the pressure side of both the intervention and control groups, 70% of rats showed a moderate number of osteoclasts. The remaining 30% in the same groups, however, either lacked or expressed few osteoclasts, respectively. Differences between the study groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05) . Oral administration of P. guajava fruit suspensions may promote favorable histological changes in the periodontium. Keywords Orthodontic tooth movement · Orthodontic retention · Relapse · Psidium guajava · Wistar rats 1 Introduction Orthodontic tooth movement is a cascade of events that follows the introduction of a mechanical stimulus (Zainal Ariffin et al. 2011) . It is characterized by the induction of transient yet controlled inflammation, leading to alveolar bone remodeling on both the pressure and tension sides, resulting in the adaptation and repositioning of the teeth within the * Arwa Aldeeri [ArwaAldeeri@gmail.com](ArwaAldeeri@gmail.com) 1 Doctoral Candidate, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 2 Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 3 Department of Oral Medicine & Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 4 Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia alveolar bone (Li et al. 2018). Nonetheless, recovery following the application of mechanical stimulus is essential for repairing the periodontium, including the cementum, periodontal ligaments, and alveolar bone tissues. Furthermore, this recovery process is crucial to avoid undesirable events such as external root resorption, alveolar bone loss, and tooth devitalization. Studies have reported that a minimum of 21 days is required for proper healing and recovery after activation. Upon the cessation of active tooth movement and removal of the orthodontic force system, the teeth tend to revert to their original position without orthodontic treatment (Maltha et al. 2021a) . Although the underlying causes of orthodontic treatment relapse and their interrelationships remain unclear, implementing retention regimens can help mitigate the clinical manifestations of these factors (Littlewood et al. 2016) . Therefore, different orthodontic retention regimenshave been proposed and are currently used in daily practice. These regimens include removable retainers, fixed retainers, or a combination o

FAQs

What was the study designed to test about Psidium guajava in orthodontic tooth movement?

The study tested whether oral supplementation with a suspension of P. guajava fruit produces favorable histological changes in the periodontium after orthodontic tooth movement, compared with negative controls.

How were the Wistar rats treated in the intervention and control groups?

Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to intervention and negative control groups and received 250 mg/kg P. guajava fruit suspension or normal saline via oral gavage before undergoing orthodontic treatment and relapse.

What histological outcomes differed between intervention and control groups?

PDL fiber uniformity was higher in the intervention group (70%) while control counterparts showed excessively wide and narrow irregular PDL fiber thickness (90%), and osteoclast numbers also differed significantly between groups (P<0.05).

Sep 30, 2026

Upload by Rhys